Journal
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
Volume 36, Issue 45, Pages 11427-11434Publisher
SOC NEUROSCIENCE
DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2492-16.2016
Keywords
DNA double strand breaks; DNA methylation; MeCP2; polycomb repressive complex; topoisomerase II
Categories
Funding
- Rett Syndrome Research Trust Consortium Grant
- Wellcome Trust [091580]
- National Institutes of Health [R37NS047344, U19MH106434, P01NS097206, DP2 MH100012-01, 1R01 NS091574-01A1]
- CURE Challenge Award
- National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression Young Investigator Award [22802]
- Glenn Foundation
- Belfer Neurodegeneration Consortium
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Neuroepigenetics is a newly emerging field in neurobiology that addresses the epigenetic mechanism of gene expression regulation in various postmitotic neurons, both over time and in response to environmental stimuli. In addition to its fundamental contribution to our understanding of basic neuronal physiology, alterations in these neuroepigenetic mechanisms have been recently linked to numerous neurodevelopmental, psychiatric, and neurodegenerative disorders. This article provides a selective review of the role of DNA and histone modifications in neuronal signal-induced gene expression regulation, plasticity, and survival and how targeting these mechanisms could advance the development of future therapies. In addition, we discuss a recent discovery on how double-strand breaks of genomic DNA mediate the rapid induction of activity-dependent gene expression in neurons.
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