Design and genome engineering of microbial cell factories for efficient conversion of lignocellulose to fuel

The gradually increasing need for fossil fuels demands renewable biofuel substitutes. This has fascinated an increasing investigation to design innovative energy fuels that have comparable Physico-chemical and com-bustion characteristics with fossil-derived fuels. The efficient microbes for bioenergy synthesis desire the pro-ficiency to consume a large quantity of carbon substrate, transfer various carbohydrates through efficient metabolic pathways, capability to withstand inhibitory components and other degradation compounds, and improve metabolic fluxes to synthesize target compounds. Metabolically engineered microbes could be an effi-cient methodology for synthesizing biofuel from cellulosic biomass by cautiously manipulating enzymes and metabolic pathways. This review offers a comprehensive perspective on the trends and advances in metabolic and genetic engineering technologies for advanced biofuel synthesis by applying various heterologous hosts. Probable technologies include enzyme engineering, heterologous expression of multiple genes, CRISPR-Cas technologies for genome editing, and cell surface display.

Automated summary

The increasing demand for renewable biofuel substitutes and the need for innovative energy fuels that have characteristics similar to fossil-derived fuels have led to extensive research on metabolic and genetic engineering technologies. Efficient microbes for bioenergy synthesis require the ability to consume large amounts of carbon substrate, transfer various carbohydrates through efficient metabolic pathways, withstand inhibitory components and other degradation compounds, and improve metabolic fluxes. This review provides a comprehensive perspective on the trends and advances in metabolic and genetic engineering technologies for advanced biofuel synthesis.