Nanoparticle-mediated therapeutic management in cholangiocarcinoma drug targeting: Current progress and future prospects

Patients with cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) often have an unfavorable prognosis because of its insidious nature, low resectability rate, and poor response to anticancer drugs and radiotherapy, which makes early detection and treatment difficult. At present, CCA has a five-year overall survival rate (OS) of only 5%, despite advances in therapies. New an increasing number of evidence suggests that nanoplatforms may play a crucial role in enhancing the pharmacological effects and in reducing both short-and long-term side effects of cancer treatment. This document reviews the advantages and shortcomings of nanoparticles such as liposomes, polymeric nano-particle,inorganic nanoparticle, nano-metals and nano-alloys, carbon dots, nano-micelles, dendrimer, nano -capsule, bio-Nanomaterials in the diagnosis and treatment of CCA and discuss the current challenges in of nanoplatforms for CCA.

Automated summary

Patients with cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) have a poor prognosis due to its difficult early detection and treatment, low resectability rate, and poor response to anticancer drugs and radiotherapy. Despite advances in therapies, the five-year overall survival rate (OS) for CCA is only 5%. Nanoplatforms show promise in enhancing pharmacological effects and reducing side effects in cancer treatment, and this review discusses the advantages and shortcomings of various nanoparticles in the diagnosis and treatment of CCA, as well as the current challenges in nanoplatforms for CCA.