Current advances on the therapeutic potential of pinocembrin: An updated review

Pinocembrin (5,7-dihydroxyflavone) is a major flavonoid found in many plants, fungi and hive products, mainly honey and propolis. Several in vitro and preclinical studies revealed numerous pharmacological activities of pinocembrin including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, neuroprotective, cardioprotective and anticancer activities. Here, we comprehensively review and critically analyze the studies carried out on pinocembrin. We also discuss its potential mechanisms of action, bioavailability, toxicity, and clinical investigations. The wide therapeutic window of pinocembrin makes it a promising drug candidate for many clinical applications. We recommend some future perspectives to improve its pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties for better delivery that may also lead to new therapeutic advances.

Automated summary

Pinocembrin is a major flavonoid found in plants, fungi, and hive products like honey and propolis. It has been shown through in vitro and preclinical studies to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, and anticancer activities. This comprehensive review discusses pinocembrin's mechanisms of action, bioavailability, toxicity, and clinical investigations. With a wide therapeutic window, pinocembrin shows promise as a drug candidate for various clinical applications, and further research is recommended to optimize its pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties for better delivery and therapeutic advances.