Journal
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
Volume 36, Issue 50, Pages 12688-12696Publisher
SOC NEUROSCIENCE
DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1175-16.2016
Keywords
cognitive control; motor inhibition; neuroimaging; no-go; post-error slowing
Categories
Funding
- National Science Foundation [BCS1309260]
- National Institutes of Health [AA021449, DA023248]
- Direct For Social, Behav & Economic Scie
- Division Of Behavioral and Cognitive Sci [1309260] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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A hallmark of cognitive control is the ability to rein in impulsive responses. Previously, we used a Bayesian model to describe trial-by-trial likelihood of the stop signal or p(Stop) and related regional activations to p(Stop) to response slowing in a stop signal task. Here, we characterized the regional processes of conflict anticipation in association with intersubject variation in impulse control in 114 young adults. We computed the stop signal reaction time (SSRT) and a measure of motor urgency, indexed by the reaction time (RT) difference between go and stop error trials or GoRT - SERT, where GoRT is the go trial RT and SERT is the stop error RT. Motor urgency and SSRT were positively correlated across subjects. A linear regression identified regional activations to p(Stop), each in correlation with SSRT and motor urgency. We hypothesized that shared neural activities mediate the correlation between motor urgency and SSRT in proactive control of impulsivity. Activation of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, posterior cingulate cortex and right superior frontal gyrus (SFG) during conflict anticipation correlated negatively with the SSRT. Activation of the right SFG also correlated negatively with GoRT - SERT. Therefore, activation of the right SFG was associated with more efficient response inhibition and less motor urgency. A mediation analysis showed that right SFG activation to conflict anticipation mediates the correlation between SSRT and motor urgency bidirectionally. The current results highlight a specific role of the right SFG in translating conflict anticipation to the control of impulsive response, which is consistent with earlier studies suggesting its function in action restraint.
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