Journal
JOURNAL OF NEUROENGINEERING AND REHABILITATION
Volume 13, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
BMC
DOI: 10.1186/s12984-016-0134-9
Keywords
Brain-machine interface; Brain-computer interface; Neuroprosthetic; Shared mode control; Assistive technology
Categories
Funding
- US Food and Drug Administration [NCT01364480, NCT01894802]
- Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency's (DARPA, Arlington, VA, USA) Revolutionizing Prosthetics program [N66001-10-C-4056]
- Autonomous Robotic Manipulation Software Track (ARM-S) program
- National Science Foundation's NRI Purposeful Prediction program [1227495]
- GRF program [DGE-1252522]
- Direct For Computer & Info Scie & Enginr
- Div Of Information & Intelligent Systems [1227495] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Background: Recent studies have shown that brain-machine interfaces (BMIs) offer great potential for restoring upper limb function. However, grasping objects is a complicated task and the signals extracted from the brain may not always be capable of driving these movements reliably. Vision-guided robotic assistance is one possible way to improve BMI performance. We describe a method of shared control where the user controls a prosthetic arm using a BMI and receives assistance with positioning the hand when it approaches an object. Methods: Two human subjects with tetraplegia used a robotic arm to complete object transport tasks with and without shared control. The shared control system was designed to provide a balance between BMI-derived intention and computer assistance. An autonomous robotic grasping system identified and tracked objects and defined stable grasp positions for these objects. The system identified when the user intended to interact with an object based on the BMI-controlled movements of the robotic arm. Using shared control, BMI controlled movements and autonomous grasping commands were blended to ensure secure grasps. Results: Both subjects were more successful on object transfer tasks when using shared control compared to BMI control alone. Movements made using shared control were more accurate, more efficient, and less difficult. One participant attempted a task with multiple objects and successfully lifted one of two closely spaced objects in 92 % of trials, demonstrating the potential for users to accurately execute their intention while using shared control. Conclusions: Integration of BMI control with vision-guided robotic assistance led to improved performance on object transfer tasks. Providing assistance while maintaining generalizability will make BMI systems more attractive to potential users.
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