Journal
ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA
Volume -, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/acps.13528
Keywords
bipolar disorder; childhood abuse; depression; mental disorders; psychiatry
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This study compared the networks of depressive symptoms among individuals with bipolar disorder with and without a history of childhood trauma. It found that depressed mood consistently emerged as a central symptom regardless of childhood trauma history. Among individuals with a history of childhood trauma, feelings of worthlessness emerged as a key symptom in the network of self-reported depressive symptoms. These findings provide insights into the impact of childhood trauma on depressive symptoms in bipolar disorder.
Background: Childhood trauma is related to an increased number of depressive episodes and more severe depressive symptoms in bipolar disorder. The evaluation of the networks of depressive symptoms-or the patterns of relationships between individual symptoms-among people with bipolar disorder with and without a history of childhood trauma may assist in further clarifying this complex relationship.Methods: Data from over 500 participants from the Heinz C. Prechter Longitudinal Study of Bipolar Disorder were used to construct a series of regularised Gaussian Graphical Models. The networks of individual depressive symptoms-self-reported (Patient Health Questionnaire-9; n = 543) and clinician-rated (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale-17; n = 529)-among participants with bipolar disorder with and without a history of childhood trauma (Childhood Trauma Questionnaire) were characterised and compared.Results: Across the sets of networks, depressed mood consistently emerged as a central symptom (as indicated by strength centrality and expected influence); regardless of participants' history of childhood trauma. Additionally, feelings of worthlessness emerged as a key symptom in the network of self-reported depressive symptoms among participants with-but not without-a history of childhood trauma.Conclusion: The present analyses-although exploratory-provide nuanced insights into the impact of childhood trauma on the presentation of depressive symptoms in bipolar disorder, which have the potential to aid detection and inform targeted intervention development.
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