Journal
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR CARDIOLOGY
Volume 95, Issue -, Pages 19-25Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2015.10.032
Keywords
Autophagy; Beclin 1; Bcl-2 family proteins; Phosphorylation; Apoptosis
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Funding
- U.S. Public Health Service [HL67724, HL91469, HL102738, HL112330, AG23039]
- Fondation Leducq Transatlantic Network of Excellence
- JSPS KAKENHI [26461126, 26670399, 15H04817]
- American Heart Association Scientist Development Grant [12SDG12070262]
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [15H04817, 26461126, 26670399] Funding Source: KAKEN
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Dysregulation of autophagy in cardiomyocytes is implicated in various heart disease conditions. Beclin 1, a mammalian ortholog of yeast Atg6 and a core component of the autophagy machinery, plays a central role in the regulation of autophagy through activation of Vps34. Beclin l's ability to activate Vps34 is tightly regulated via transcriptional regulation, miRNA, post -translational modification, and interaction with Beclin 1 binding proteins. Of these mechanisms, binding of Beclin 1 with Bcl-2 family proteins (Bcl-2/X-L) that negatively regulate autophagy activity has been shown to be both positively and negatively regulated by various kinases, including DAPK, ROCK1, Mst1 and JNK1, in response to external stimuli. Beclin l's interaction with Bcl-2/X-L also secondarily affects apoptosis through regulation of pro-apoptotic BH3 domain containing proteins. Thus, modulation of Beclin 1 significantly influences both autophagy and apoptosis, thereby deeply affecting the survival and death of cardiomyocytes in the heart. In this review, we discuss the signaling mechanism of autophagy modulation through Beclin 1 and therapeutic potential of Beclin 1 in heart diseases. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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