Primary failure of tooth eruption: Etiology and management

Primary failure of eruption (PFE) is a rare disorder defined as incomplete tooth eruption despite the pre-sence of a clear eruption pathway. PFE is known to be caused by rare variants in the parathyroid hormone 1 receptor gene (PTH1R). Although several PTH1R variants have been reported, the etiology of PFE remains unclear. However, important studies that help elucidate the pathology of PFE have recently been published. The purpose of this review is to summarize current treatment options, clinical symptoms or phenotypes for diagnosis, genetic information including solid evidence in mouse disease models and disease-specific in-duced pluripotent stem cells, thus approaching the etiology of PFE from the perspective of the latest re-search.(c) 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The Japanese Association for Dental Science. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0)

Automated summary

Primary failure of eruption (PFE) is a rare disorder characterized by incomplete tooth eruption despite a clear eruption pathway, and it is caused by rare variants in the parathyroid hormone 1 receptor gene (PTH1R). Recent studies have provided important insights into the pathology of PFE, and this review summarizes current treatment options, clinical symptoms or phenotypes for diagnosis, and genetic information.