Journal
TOXICS
Volume 10, Issue 9, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/toxics10090538
Keywords
human biomonitoring; children; phthalates; HEXAMOLL (R) DINCH; neurodevelopment; WISC; Full-Scale Intelligence Quotient; environmental contaminants; aligned studies; HBM4EU
Categories
Funding
- European Union [733032]
- European Union through its Sixth Framework Program for RTD [FOOD-CT-2006-016253]
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy (Ministry of Health-Italy) [RC 12/12]
- CROME LIFE Project Cross-Mediterranean Environment and Health Network [LIFE12 ENV/GR/001040]
- Odense University Hospital, Denmark
- University of Southern Denmark
- Mental Health Service of the Region of Southern Denmark
- Odense Patient data Exploratory Network (OPEN), Denmark
- Danish Center for Hormone Disrupting Chemicals [MST-611-00012]
- Danish Research Council [4004-00352B_FSS]
- Novo Nordisk Foundation, Denmark [NNF19OC0058266, NNF17OC0029404]
- Sygeforsikring Danmark [2021-0173]
- Odense University Hospital
- Helsefonden
- Beckettfonden
- Danish Mental Health Fund
- Health Insurance Denmark
- Velux Foundation
- Slovak Research and Development Agency [APVV-0571-12]
- Ministry of Health of the Slovak Republic [2014/47-SZU-11]
- Region of Southern Denmark, The Municipality of Odense, Denmark
- Rigshospitalet
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This study evaluated the association between phthalate/HEXAMOLL (R) DINCH exposure and child neurodevelopment in three European cohorts. The results showed no evidence of an association between concurrent phthalate/DINCHHEXAMOLLR DINCH exposure and IQ in children.
Information about the effects of phthalates and non-phthalate substitute cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid diisononyl ester (HEXAMOLL (R) DINCH) on children's neurodevelopment is limited. The aim of the present research is to evaluate the association between phthalate /HEXAMOLL (R) DINCH exposure and child neurodevelopment in three European cohorts involved in HBM4EU Aligned Studies. Participating subjects were school-aged children belonging to the Northern Adriatic cohort II (NAC-II), Italy, Odense Child Cohort (OCC), Denmark, and PCB cohort, Slovakia. In each cohort, children's neurodevelopment was assessed through the Full-Scale Intelligence Quotient score (FSIQ) of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale of Children test using three different editions. The children's urine samples, collected for one point in time concurrently with the neurodevelopmental evaluation, were analyzed for several phthalates/HEXAMOLL (R) DINCH biomarkers. The relation between phthalates/HEXAMOLL (R) DINCH and FSIQ was explored by applying separate multiple linear regressions in each cohort. The means and standard deviations of FSIQ were 109 +/- 11 (NAC-II), 98 +/- 12 (OCC), and 81 +/- 15 (PCB cohort). In NAC-II, direct associations between FSIQ and DEHP's biomarkers were found: 50H-MEHP+5oxo-MEHP ((3 = 2.56; 95% CI 0.58-4.55; N = 270), 50H-MEHP+5cx-MEPP (beta = 2.48; 95% CI 0.47-4.49; N = 270) and 5OH-MEHP (beta = 2.58; 95% CI 0.65-4.51; N = 270). On the contrary, in the OCC the relation between DEHP's biomarkers and FSIQ tended to be inverse but imprecise (p-value >= 0.10). No associations were found in the PCB cohort. FSIQ was not associated with HEXAMOLL (R) DINCH in any cohort. In conclusion, these results do not provide evidence of an association between concurrent phthalate/DINCHHEXAMOLLR DINCH exposure and IQ in children.
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