Journal
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
Volume 12, Issue 9, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/jpm12091506
Keywords
melanoma; biomarker; immune cells; microRNA; inflammation; metabolism
Funding
- [PN-III-P2-2.1-PED-2021-2243]
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Melanoma is an aggressive skin cancer with increasing incidence. Reliable biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis are essential in clinical practice. This review discusses the latest studies on potential biomarkers in cutaneous melanoma.
The incidence of melanoma, a very aggressive skin cancer, has increased over the past few decades. Although there are well-established clinical, dermoscopic and histopathological criteria, the diagnosis is often performed late, which has important implications on the patient's clinical outcome. Unfortunately, melanoma is one of the most challenging tumors to diagnose because it is a heterogeneous neoplasm at the clinical, histopathological, and molecular level. The use of reliable biomarkers for the diagnosis and monitoring of disease progression is becoming a standard of care in modern medicine. In this review, we discuss the latest studies, which highlight findings from the genomics, epitranscriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics areas, pointing out different genes, molecules and cells as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in cutaneous melanoma.
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