Journal
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY
Volume 54, Issue 12, Pages 853-866Publisher
MICROBIOLOGICAL SOCIETY KOREA
DOI: 10.1007/s12275-016-6376-1
Keywords
anti-viral activity; bee venom; melittin; virucidal effect
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Funding
- Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Republic of Korea [315044031SB010, 316043-3, 110057-03, 111106-02]
- Internal Research Fund of Animal Quarantine and Inspection Agency (QIA) [2012-0619, 2013-1181]
- Small and Medium Business Administration [S2165234]
- Chungnam National University
- Institute of Planning & Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture, Forestry & Fisheries (iPET), Republic of Korea [315044031SB010] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
- Korea Agency for Infrastructure Technology Advancement (KAIA) [111106] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
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Bee venom (BV) from honey bee (Apis Melifera L.) contains at least 18 pharmacologically active components including melittin (MLT), phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)), and apamin etc. BV is safe for human treatments dose dependently and proven to possess different healing properties including antibacterial and antiparasitidal properties. Nevertheless, antiviral properties of BV have not well investigated. Hence, we identified the potential antiviral properties of BV and its component against a broad panel of viruses. Co-incubation of non-cytotoxic amounts of BV and MLT, the main component of BV, significantly inhibited the replication of enveloped viruses such as Influenza A virus (PR8), Vesicular Stomatitis Virus (VSV), Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV), and Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV). Additionally, BV and MLT also inhibited the replication of non-enveloped viruses such as Enterovirus-71 (EV-71) and Coxsackie Virus (H3). Such antiviral properties were mainly explained by virucidal mechanism. Moreover, MLT protected mice which were challenged with lethal doses of pathogenic influenza A H1N1 viruses. Therefore, these results provides the evidence that BV and MLT could be a potential source as a promising antiviral agent, especially to develop as a broad spectrum antiviral agent.
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