Journal
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY
Volume 54, Issue 1, Pages 23-30Publisher
MICROBIOLOGICAL SOCIETY KOREA
DOI: 10.1007/s12275-016-5461-9
Keywords
bacterial synergism; lignocellulose degradation; bacterial activity; enzyme production; microbial interaction
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Funding
- Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, NOAA via the Northern Gulf Institute [NA11OAR4320199, 191001-363405-01/TO 009]
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCES [P20GM103476] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Both positive and negative interactions among bacteria take place in the environment. We hypothesize that the complexity of the substrate affects the way bacteria interact with greater cooperation in the presence of recalcitrant substrate. We isolated lignocellulolytic bacteria from salt marsh detritus and compared the growth, metabolic activity and enzyme production of pure cultures to those of three-species mixed cultures in lignocellulose and glucose media. Synergistic growth was common in lignocellulose medium containing carboxyl methyl cellulose, xylan and lignin but absent in glucose medium. Bacterial synergism promoted metabolic activity in synergistic mixed cultures but not the maximal growth rate (mu). Bacterial synergism also promoted the production of beta-1,4-glucosidase but not the production of cellobiohydrolase or beta-1,4-xylosidase. Our results suggest that the chemical complexity of the substrate affects the way bacteria interact. While a complex substrate such as lignocellulose promotes positive interactions and synergistic growth, a labile substrate such as glucose promotes negative interactions and competition. Synergistic interactions among indigenous bacteria are suggested to be important in promoting lignocellulose degradation in the environment.
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