Helium Abundance Decrease in ICMEs in 23-24 Solar Cycles

Based on the OMNI database, the influence of the solar activity decrease in solar cycles (SCs) 23-24 on the behavior of the relative helium ions abundance N-alpha/N-p inside interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) is investigated. The dependences of the helium abundance on the plasma and interplanetary magnetic field parameters in the epoch of high solar activity (SCs 21-22) and the epoch of low activity (SCs 23-24) are compared. It is shown that N-alpha/N-p significantly decreased in SCs 23-24 compared to SCs 21-22. The general trends of the dependences have not changed with the change of epoch, but the helium abundance dependences on some parameters (for example, the magnitude of the interplanetary magnetic field) have become weaker in the epoch of low activity than they were in the epoch of high activity. In addition, the dependence of the helium abundance on the distance from spacecraft to the ICME axis was revealed; the clearest dependence is observed in magnetic clouds. The N-alpha/N-p maximum is measured at the minimum distance, which confirms the hypothesis of the existence of a helium-enriched electric current inside an ICME.

Automated summary

The study revealed that the decrease in solar activity in solar cycles affected the behavior of relative helium ions abundance inside interplanetary coronal mass ejections. The helium abundance significantly decreased in the low solar activity period, and the dependence on certain parameters became weaker during this period compared to high solar activity periods. Additionally, a dependence on the distance from spacecraft to the ICME axis was observed, with the maximum helium abundance measured at the minimum distance confirming the hypothesis of an helium-enriched electric current inside an ICME.