Journal
DIAGNOSTICS
Volume 12, Issue 9, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12092208
Keywords
breast milk; immune system; gastrointestinal system; central nervous system; neonate
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Premature infants are more susceptible to diseases due to their immature systems, and human breast milk has been shown to be the best dietary choice for their development and protection.
Premature birth is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in the pediatric population. Because their immune, gastrointestinal and nervous systems are not fully developed, preterm infants (<37 weeks of gestation) and especially very preterm infants (VPIs, <32 weeks of gestation) are more prone to infectious diseases, tissue damage and future neurodevelopmental impairment. The aim of this narrative review is to report the immaturity of VPI systems and examine the role of Human Breast Milk (HBM) in their development and protection against infectious diseases, inflammation and tissue damage. For this purpose, we searched and synthesized the data from the existing literature published in the English language. Studies revealed the significance of HBM and indicate HBM as the best dietary choice for VPIs.
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