A Review of the Chemistry and Biological Activities of Acmella oleracea (jambu, Asteraceae), with a View to the Development of Bioinsecticides and Acaricides

Human pathologies, environmental pollution, and resistance phenomena caused by the intensive use of chemical pesticides have shifted the attention of the agrochemical industries towards eco-friendly insecticides and acaricides. Acmella oleracea (L.) R. K. Jansen (jambu) is a plant native to South America, widely distributed and cultivated in many countries due to its numerous pharmacological properties. This review analyzes literature about the plant, its uses, and current knowledge regarding insecticidal and acaricidal activity. Acmella oleracea has proven to be a potential pesticide candidate against several key arthropod pest and vector species. This property is inherent to its essential oil and plant extract, which contain spilanthol, the main representative of N-alkylamides. As a result, there is a scientific basis for the industrial exploitation of jambu in the preparation of green insecticides. However, studies related to its toxicity towards non-target species and those aimed at formulating and developing marketable products are lacking.

Automated summary

This review examines the uses and current knowledge of Acmella oleracea as an insecticide and acaricide. It is found to be a potential candidate against key pest and vector species, but further research is needed on its toxicity towards non-target species and in formulating marketable products.