Journal
PLANTS-BASEL
Volume 11, Issue 18, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/plants11182433
Keywords
Nuphar shimadai Hayata; genetic variation; population structure; simple sequence repeat (SSR); geographic isolation
Categories
Funding
- Taiwan Forestry Research Institute [103-Agricultural Science-13.4.4-Forest-G3]
- Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan [MOST 1082621-B-110-003-MY3, MOST 109-2313-B-110-005, MOST 111-2621-B-110-001]
- (Higher Education Sprout Project) of NSYSU
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In this study, the genetic structures of the critically endangered species, Yellow water lily, in Taiwan were examined. It was found that the species exhibited significant genetic structuring and there was genetic exchange and migration between different populations. It is suggested to consider certain populations as separate conservation units due to their geographical distance from other populations.
Yellow water lily (Nuphar shimadai Hayata) is a critically endangered species in Taiwan. Here, we examined genetic structures of four extant populations, WP, GPa, GPb and GPn, using 39 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Positive genetic correlation was observed within 50 m, beyond which no correlation was detected due to isolation by distance according to Mantel correlogram. This suggests a significant genetic structuring of the species. Besides, multilocus genotype (MLG) analysis revealed that GPa was a panmictic population and the species' putative center of origin. Genetic exchange was observed between GPa and GPb populations, which likely resulted from their geographic proximity. Nevertheless, there was a strong asymmetric migration detected from GPa to WP, but a recent genetic barrier prevented dispersal further northward (WP). Geneland estimated the best number of clusters as K = 2, where WP distinctly separated from the rest of the populations. In STRUCTURE output of K = 3, a third cluster was abundant only in WP. We suggest to consider GPn and WP as separate conservation units, being far from GPa. There is indeed a need to investigate these populations; as predicted, Ne = 1.6 to 3.0 is considered low and that may put the species at risk of extinction.
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