4.6 Article

Visit-to-visit variability in blood pressure and kidney disease progression in IgA nephropathy

Journal

CLINICAL KIDNEY JOURNAL
Volume 15, Issue 12, Pages 2331-2339

Publisher

OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfac200

Keywords

blood pressure; blood pressure variability; chronic renal failure; IgA nephropathy; kidney disease progression

Funding

  1. CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences [2019-I2M-5-046]
  2. General Program (Key Program, Major Research Plan) of the National Natural Science Foundation of China [82070731]

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The visit-to-visit variability in blood pressure is associated with the progression of IgA nephropathy, particularly in patients with higher standard deviation of systolic blood pressure.
Background The visit-to-visit variability (VVV) in blood pressure (BP) is an important risk factor for stroke and coronary heart disease and may also be associated with kidney damage and the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Data on the association between VVV in BP and the risk of CKD progression among patients with immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) are limited. We aimed to evaluate the relationships of VVV in BP with the progression of IgAN. Methods We assessed 1376 patients with IgAN at Peking University First Hospital. The main VVV in BP was expressed as the standard deviation (SD), coefficient of variation (CV) and average real variability (ARV). The associations of variability in BP with composite kidney disease progression events, defined as a 50% decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and kidney failure, were examined using Cox models. Results During a median follow-up of 44.1 months (interquartile range 23.0-76.7), 247 (18.0%) patients experienced composite kidney disease progression events. With a higher SD in systolic BP (SBP) values, the risk of kidney disease progression events increased {hazard ratio [HR] 1.07 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03-1.11]; P < .001} after maximal adjustment, including baseline SBP and mean SBP during the first 12-month period. Using the first quartile of SD SBP values as the reference, the risk of composite kidney disease progression events was higher among patients with higher SD SBP values; the HR was 2.12 (95% CI 1.31-3.44) in the highest quartile (P for trend < .001). A similar trend could be observed when analysing the SD of diastolic BP, but the risk was not significantly increased. The associations were similar when analysed with the CV and ARV. Conclusion SBP variability was significantly associated with kidney disease progression in IgAN.

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