Detection of Theileria orientalis Genotypes from Cattle in Kyrgyzstan

Article Parasitology

Identification and isolation of pathogenic Theileria orientalis Ikeda genotype from confined dairy cattle, in Hebei, China

Junlong Liu et al.

Summary: Theileria orientalis, a common benign cattle parasite in China, has been found to have two main genotypes (genotype 1 and genotype 2), both of which can infect confined dairy cattle and cause severe symptoms of piroplasmosis and death.

PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH (2022)

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Review Parasitology

The Piroplasmida Babesia, Cytauxzoon, and Theileria in farm and companion animals: species compilation, molecular phylogeny, and evolutionary insights

Leonhard Schnittger et al.

Summary: The order Piroplasmida, consisting of Babesia, Cytauxzoon and Theileria, are tick-transmitted hemoprotozoans causing serious impact in domestic animals and humans. International research is conducted to identify, classify and develop treatments for these parasites. This review presents a compilation of piroplasmid species, isolates and species complexes that infect domestic mammals and demonstrates that there may be more piroplasmid parasites than vertebrate host species. The study also reveals insights into the evolutionary patterns and host-parasite relationships of these parasites.

PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH (2022)

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Article Infectious Diseases

First molecular detection of Anaplasma species in cattle from Kyrgyzstan; molecular identification of human pathogenic novel genotype Anaplasma capra and Anaplasma phagocytophilum related strain

Kursat Altay et al.

Summary: This study provides the first assessment of the molecular etiology and prevalence of bovine anaplasmosis in Kyrgyzstan. The findings reveal the circulation of Anaplasma centrale, A. phagocytophilum like-1, and a human pathogenic novel genotype A. capra in cattle herds in Kyrgyzstan.

TICKS AND TICK-BORNE DISEASES (2022)

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Article Parasitology

The role of sheep (Ovis aries) in maintaining Theileria orientalis Ikeda type infection

K. E. Lawrence et al.

Summary: Theileria orientalis is a tick-borne intracellular parasite that can infect ruminants' red blood cells. In New Zealand, there are 4 types within this species, with the Ikeda type associated with a substantial epidemic of infectious bovine anaemia. Experiments showed that sheep can maintain Ikeda type infection and infect ticks, with sheep being asymptomatic carriers of the infection.

VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY (2021)

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Article Parasitology

Merozoites of Theileria orientalis buffeli reduce the parasitaemia of T. orientalis ikeda following tick challenge

David Emery et al.

Summary: This study confirmed that immunization with the buffeli genotype of T. orientalis could reduce the parasitaemia of the ikeda genotype. Following tick challenge, immunized calves showed a significant reduction in parasitaemia with T. orientalis ikeda at 4-6 weeks before entering the carrier state at 9 weeks.

VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY (2021)

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Article Parasitology

Detection and distribution of haematophagous flies and lice on cattle farms and potential role in the transmission of Theileria orientalis

Biniam T. Lakew et al.

Summary: The study found endemic Theileria orientalis infection of cattle in the Northern Tablelands of New South Wales, Australia, and investigated the seasonal dynamics of biting fly species as potential mechanical vectors. Results suggest a possible role of these insects in the transmission of T. orientalis, which may contribute to the widespread distribution of the parasite in areas without ticks.

VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY (2021)

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Review Microbiology

Review of the New Zealand Theileria orientalis Ikeda Type Epidemic and Epidemiological Research since 2012

Kevin Lawrence et al.

Summary: The epidemiological research in New Zealand on bovine anaemia associated with Theileria orientalis Ikeda type infection provides an unbiased perspective of a new disease, as there are no other pathogenic tick-borne cattle haemoparasites in the country. The seasonal nature of New Zealand's beef and dairy cattle systems has led to a different epidemiological presentation compared to other affected countries.

PATHOGENS (2021)

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Review Cell Biology

Theileria's Strategies and Effector Mechanisms for Host Cell Transformation: From Invasion to Immortalization

Kerry Woods et al.

Summary: Following invasion by Theileria sporozoites, one of the first events is the destruction of the host cell membrane and rapid association with host microtubules. Theileria species transform bovine cells by rewiring signaling pathways and controlling mitotic machinery. Theileria-encoded proteins can modify host gene expression, but their mode of action and secretion pathways are not well understood.

FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY (2021)

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Review Microbiology

Approaches to Integrated Parasite Management (IPM) for Theileria orientalis with an Emphasis on Immunity

David Lyall Emery

Summary: Integrated parasite management (IPM) for Theileria orientalis focuses on reducing transmission and controlling the tick host population. Current control measures include restricting the movement of naive stock and controlling Haemaphysalis longicornis ticks.

PATHOGENS (2021)

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Article Parasitology