Journal
BIOMOLECULES
Volume 12, Issue 9, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/biom12091192
Keywords
carotid atherosclerosis; vulnerable plaques; stroke
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [82171303, 81971222, 82171301]
- Capital Funds for Health Improvement and Research [2020-2-1032]
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Vulnerable plaques are a hot topic in the field of stroke and carotid atherosclerosis. Risk stratification and intervention for carotid plaques are currently guided by the degree of luminal stenosis. However, it has been recognized that the vulnerability of plaques may contribute to the risk of stroke. This review summarizes the identification of vulnerable plaques at both macroscopic and microscopic levels.
Vulnerable plaques have been a hot topic in the field of stroke and carotid atherosclerosis. Currently, risk stratification and intervention of carotid plaques are guided by the degree of luminal stenosis. Recently, it has been recognized that the vulnerability of plaques may contribute to the risk of stroke. Some classical interventions, such as carotid endarterectomy, significantly reduce the risk of stroke in symptomatic patients with severe carotid stenosis, while for asymptomatic patients, clinically silent plaques with rupture tendency may expose them to the risk of cerebrovascular events. Early identification of vulnerable plaques contributes to lowering the risk of cerebrovascular events. Previously, the identification of vulnerable plaques was commonly based on imaging technologies at the macroscopic level. Recently, some microscopic molecules pertaining to vulnerable plaques have emerged, and could be potential biomarkers or therapeutic targets. This review aimed to update the previous summarization of vulnerable plaques and identify vulnerable plaques at the microscopic and macroscopic levels.
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