Journal
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON TRANSPORTATION ELECTRIFICATION
Volume 8, Issue 3, Pages 3068-3089Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TTE.2021.3135525
Keywords
Batteries; Lithium; Optimization; Mathematical models; Cathodes; Anodes; Charging stations; Aging mechanism (AM); battery models; charging optimization (ChgOp); electric vehicles (EVs); Li-ion batteries
Funding
- German Ministry of Education and Research [Bundesministerium fur Forschung und Bildung (BMBF)] through the Konzept eines neuartigen intelligenten Batteriemanagementsystems fuer lektrofahrzeuge (NOVBATCON) Project [16EMO0319]
Ask authors/readers for more resources
This article provides a comprehensive review of existing charging optimization techniques for lithium-ion batteries, addressing the challenges of long charging time and degradation caused by fast charging. It discusses the operation and models of lithium-ion batteries and scrutinizes the side effects of unregulated fast charging on battery aging mechanism. The state-of-the-art open- and close-loop charging optimization techniques are systematically reviewed, highlighting their respective merits and shortcomings. The future development of a charging control protocol with real-time affordability and degradation consciousness is also discussed.
Battery electric vehicles (BEVs) are advocated due to their environmental benign characteristic. However, the long charging time and the degradation caused by fast charging impede their further popularization. Extensive research has been carried out to optimize the charging process, such as minimizing charging time and aging, of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Motivated by this, a comprehensive review of existing charging optimization (ChgOp) techniques is provided in this article. First, the operation and models for LIBs are explained. Then, unexpected side effects, especially for the aging mechanism (AM) of LIB associated with unregulated fast charging, are scrutinized. This provides a solid theoretical foundation and forms the optimization problem. Following this endeavor, the general framework with critical concerns for ChgOp system design is overviewed. Within this horizon, the state-of-the-art ChgOp techniques, clustered into open- and close-loop categories, are reviewed systematically with their respective merits and shortcomings discussed. Finally, the development of an emerging charging control protocol with both real-time affordability and degradation consciousness is further discussed as an open outlook.
Authors
I am an author on this paper
Click your name to claim this paper and add it to your profile.
Reviews
Recommended
No Data Available