Journal
AGRONOMY-BASEL
Volume 12, Issue 9, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/agronomy12092115
Keywords
FAD2-1; high oleic acid oil; EMS; soybean; genetic resource
Categories
Funding
- Ministry of Environment, Republic of Korea
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Soybean breeders are focused on increasing the concentration of oleic acid in soybean seed oils to improve oil quality. This study identified a new mutant allele of the FAD2-1A gene, PE529, which produces soybean seeds with over 40% oleic acid. This discovery provides valuable genetic resources for improving soybean oil quality in breeding programs.
Soybean seed oils contain approximately 23% oleic acid, and elevated amounts of oleic acid help prevent cardiovascular diseases and improve the quality of the oil. Chemically, it helps maintain the oxidative stability of oil; hence, soybean breeders primarily seek to increase its concentration for improved oil quality. As soybean seeds with mutant alleles of FAD2-1A and FAD2-1B genes have been reported to produce approximately 80% of oleic acid, a mutant population was developed from an ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS)-induced soybean cultivar (Pungsannamul). From this, a new mutant allele of FAD2-1A was identified using mutant lines with elevated oleic acid levels and the pooled-DNA sequencing method. This study identified PE529 as the allele with >40% oleic acid carrying the novel allele of the FAD2-1A gene. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in PE529 also induced the conversion from tryptophan to a premature stop codon at position 293 in the amino acid sequence (W293STOP). The inheritance analysis showed that the elevated oleic acids in PE529 were attributed to the fad2-1a W293STOP allele. In this study, seeds capable of producing approximately 80.0% oleic acid were identified from F-2 populations where fad2-1a W293STOP and fad2-1b alleles were segregated. Hence, soybeans with novel alleles are useful genetic resources to improve soybean oil quality in breeding programs.
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