Flavonoids as Potential Antiviral Agents for Porcine Viruses

Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Quercetin for managing type 2 diabetes and its complications, an insight into multitarget therapy

R. Dhanya

Summary: Quercetin, a bioflavonoid, shows promising potential in managing Type 2 diabetes and its complications. Further studies are needed to establish optimal dosing regimen and improve bioavailability.

BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Applied

In vitro anti-PRV activity of dihydromyricetin from Ampelopsis grossedentata

Wei Sun et al.

Summary: The study found that Dihydromyricetin (DMY) extracted from Ampelopsis grossedentata has anti-Pseudorabies virus (PRV) activity by interfering with the virus invasion into host cells and inhibiting pyroptosis, suggesting it may serve as a potential anti-PRV drug.

NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH (2022)

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Article Virology

African Swine Fever Virus K205R Induces ER Stress and Consequently Activates Autophagy and the NF-κB Signaling Pathway

Qi Wang et al.

Summary: In this study, the role of ASFV K205R in ER stress, autophagy, and the NF-kappa B signaling pathway was investigated. The results indicate that K205R triggers ER stress, activates the unfolded protein response, and regulates autophagy and NF-kappa B signaling through multiple pathways.

VIRUSES-BASEL (2022)

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Article Virology

Molecular Epidemic Characteristics and Genetic Evolution of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 (PCV2) in Swine Herds of Shanghai, China

Le Kang et al.

Summary: Porcine Circovirus 2 (PCV2) is a crucial pathogen in swine and causes porcine circovirus-associated diseases (PCVADs), which pose a serious economic threat to the global swine industry. Multiple PCV2 genotypes, with PCV2d being the most dominant, were found in commercial pig farms in Shanghai. Critical amino acid substitutions were observed in epitope regions of important capsid proteins, affecting viral replication and host immune response. Co-infection of PCV2 with other lethal swine viral diseases, such as PPV and PPRSV, was also investigated.

VIRUSES-BASEL (2022)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Mechanism of Dihydromyricetin on Inflammatory Diseases

Yang Sun et al.

Summary: Inflammation plays a crucial role in various diseases, and dihydromyricetin (DHM) as a flavonoid compound with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. This review summarizes the mechanisms of DHM in inflammation-related diseases and its potential value in drug research and clinical treatment.

FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY (2022)

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Article Immunology

A Practical Strategy for Exploring the Pharmacological Mechanism of Luteolin Against COVID-19/Asthma Comorbidity: Findings of System Pharmacology and Bioinformatics Analysis

Yi-Zi Xie et al.

Summary: Luteolin shows potential as an ideal drug for treating COVID-19/asthma comorbidity, with its antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and immune regulation capabilities. However, further experimental verification is needed for the predicted results.

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Luteolin Potentially Treating Prostate Cancer and COVID-19 Analyzed by the Bioinformatics Approach: Clinical Findings and Drug Targets

Yu Ye et al.

Summary: This study investigates the potential drug target and curative mechanism of luteolin as a treatment for prostate cancer and COVID-19. Through differential gene expression analysis and network pharmacology, it is found that luteolin exhibits anti-inflammatory effects, improves metabolism, and enhances immunity. Luteolin may serve as a promising treatment for prostate cancer and COVID-19 based on bioinformatics findings.

FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

The multimodal action of genistein in Alzheimer's and other age-related diseases

Cristina Mas-Bargues et al.

Summary: Genistein, a phytoestrogen, has both mimetic and antagonistic effects on estrogen due to its structural similarity. It has been found to inhibit breast cancer cell proliferation at high concentrations, suggesting its anticancer activity. Genistein's mechanism of action includes cell cycle arrest, apoptosis induction, angiogenesis inhibition, and metastasis inhibition. This review discusses its multimodal effects as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-amyloid, and autophagy promoter, which contribute to its beneficial effect on Alzheimer's. It also highlights the signal transduction pathways modulated by genistein. Overall, genistein shows promising beneficial effects in age-associated diseases.

FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE (2022)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Swine Enteric Coronavirus: Diverse Pathogen-Host Interactions

Quanhui Yan et al.

Summary: This review summarizes recent advances in autophagy, apoptosis, and innate immunity induced by swine enteric coronavirus (SeCoV) infection, emphasizing their relationship with viral replication and signaling pathway alterations.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2022)

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Article Virology

The A137R Protein of African Swine Fever Virus Inhibits Type I Interferon Production via the Autophagy-Mediated Lysosomal Degradation of TBK1

Maowen Sun et al.

Summary: African swine fever (ASF) is a lethal viral disease of pigs caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV). A recent study found that deleting the A137R gene in ASFV attenuates its virulence and promotes the expression of type I interferon (IFN) in primary porcine alveolar macrophages. The A137R protein negatively regulates the cGAS-STING-mediated IFN-beta signaling pathway through the autophagy-mediated lysosomal degradation of TBK1. This study enhances the understanding of ASFV immunoevasion strategies and provides new insights for the development of live attenuated ASF vaccines.

JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY (2022)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Development of a novel one-step triplex PCR assay for the simultaneous detection of porcine circovirus type 2, porcine parvovirus and classical swine fever virus in a single tube

S. Rajkhowa et al.

Summary: A novel one-step triplex PCR assay was developed for simultaneous detection of three important viruses involved in reproductive problems in pigs. The assay showed high specificity and sensitivity, making it a useful tool for clinical diagnosis of mixed infections of DNA and RNA viruses in pigs.

LETTERS IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY (2022)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Rutin ameliorates inflammation and improves metabolic function: A comprehensive analysis of scientific literature

Ndivhuwo Muvhulawa et al.

Summary: Chronic inflammation is a significant complication in the development and worsening of metabolic diseases. Medicinal plants or food-derived bioactive compounds may be used for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties to improve metabolic function. Rutin, a flavonol derivative, has shown therapeutic benefits against various metabolic diseases. Preclinical evidence suggests that rutin can reduce inflammation through its antioxidant properties, leading to improved metabolic function. Although clinical data is limited, food sources rich in rutin have shown promise in improving metabolic function by reducing markers of oxidative stress and inflammation.

PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH (2022)

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Review Chemistry, Medicinal

Hyperoside: A review on its sources, biological activities, and molecular mechanisms

Qi Wang et al.

Summary: Hyperoside is a natural flavonol glycoside with anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, antidepressant, and organ protective effects. It can be obtained from plants and chemically synthesized, and has therapeutic potential for various diseases.

PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH (2022)

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Review Veterinary Sciences

Swine coronaviruses (SCoVs) and their emerging threats to swine population, inter-species transmission, exploring the susceptibility of pigs for SARS-CoV-2 and zoonotic concerns

Jigarji C. Thakor et al.

Summary: Swine coronaviruses (SCoVs) are highly destructive pathogens that affect farmers and the swine industry worldwide. They can infect pigs, other animals, and humans, causing severe diseases and even death. It is believed that bats are the origin of these viruses, and there is a possibility of emerging viruses with high zoonotic potential in the future. This review discusses various aspects of SCoVs, including epidemiology, virology, pathology, and highlights the emerging threats they pose to pig populations.

VETERINARY QUARTERLY (2022)

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Review Virology

Genetic Diversity of the Hemagglutinin Genes of Influenza a Virus in Asian Swine Populations

Takehiko Saito et al.

Summary: Swine influenza is a significant respiratory disease in pigs and has the potential to infect humans. The management of swine influenza in Asia is inadequate, but strict control measures can reduce economic losses and the risk of vaccine strain variations. To effectively manage swine influenza in Asia, it is important to select appropriate vaccine antigens based on genetic and antigenic analyses of circulating viral strains.

VIRUSES-BASEL (2022)

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Review Virology

A Review of Pseudorabies Virus Variants: Genomics, Vaccination, Transmission, and Zoonotic Potential

Zongyi Bo et al.

Summary: Research on PRV variants has made significant progress, but further exploration of its replication, pathogenicity, and transmission mechanisms is still needed in order to ultimately eradicate the virus in China.

VIRUSES-BASEL (2022)

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Review Virology

Comparing Influenza Virus Biology for Understanding Influenza D Virus

Raegan M. Skelton et al.

Summary: This article reviews the known information about the host-pathogen interactions that limit the disease caused by influenza D virus (IDV). It focuses on the early immune interactions between the virus and infected host cells in IDV pathogenesis. This work establishes a foundation for further research on IDV infection and immunity in mammalian hosts.

VIRUSES-BASEL (2022)

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Article Immunology

Immune Escape Mechanism and Vaccine Research Progress of African Swine Fever Virus

Zhaoyang Wang et al.

Summary: African swine fever virus (ASFV) is the causative agent of African swine fever (ASF), which has devastating impacts on animal farming. The interaction of ASFV with the host immune system is complex, hindering vaccine development. Significant advances have been made in vaccine development, but further research is needed for effective ASF vaccines.

VACCINES (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Effects of Quercitrin on PRV-Induced Secretion of Reactive Oxygen Species and Prediction of lncRNA Regulatory Targets in 3D4/2 Cells

Qiuhua Wang et al.

Summary: This study found that quercitrin can decrease the secretion of reactive oxygen species induced by PRV infection. It also identified differentially expressed RNA involved in cell metabolism, protein phosphorylation, and antioxidation. The study provides a scientific foundation for understanding the role of quercitrin in combating virus-induced oxidative stress.

ANTIOXIDANTS (2022)

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Article Microbiology

EGCG Restricts PRRSV Proliferation by Disturbing Lipid Metabolism

Peng-Wei Yu et al.

Summary: In this study, the researchers uncovered a previously unknown mechanism of how epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) inhibits the proliferation of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). They found that EGCG disrupts lipid metabolism, which leads to decreased replication of PRRSV. Additionally, EGCG also inhibits the formation of lipid droplets and the expression of key enzymes in lipid synthesis induced by PRRSV, and attenuates PRRSV-induced autophagy.

MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM (2022)

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Review Veterinary Sciences

A systematic review of influenza A virus prevalence and transmission dynamics in backyard swine populations globally

Ravendra P. Chauhan et al.

Summary: Backyard swine farming plays a critical role in rural and peri-urban households in developing countries. This systematic review analyzed the prevalence of influenza A virus (IAV) in backyard swine populations globally, highlighting the potential transmission between humans, swine, and poultry.

PORCINE HEALTH MANAGEMENT (2022)

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Article Virology

Molecular genotypic analysis of porcine circovirus type 2 reveals the predominance of PCV2d in Vietnam (2018-2020) and the association between PCV2h, the recombinant forms, and Vietnamese vaccines

Huong Thi Thanh Doan et al.

Summary: This study analyzed the nucleotide and amino acid sequences of porcine circovirus ORF2 from different samples in Vietnam and identified the predominance of PCV2d genotype. A distinct PCV2h clade containing recombinant strains and local vaccines was discovered. The findings provide new information about the diversity and distribution of PCV2 genotypes in Vietnam.

ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY (2022)

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Review Virology

Advances in Crosstalk between Porcine Circoviruses and Host

Guyu Niu et al.

Summary: This review summarizes the latest research progress on the molecular mechanism of porcine circoviruses (PCVs)-host interaction, discussing their pathogenicity and infection mechanism, which provides a scientific basis for disease prevention and control.

VIRUSES-BASEL (2022)

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Article Veterinary Sciences

A Multiplex Crystal Digital PCR for Detection of African Swine Fever Virus, Classical Swine Fever Virus, and Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus

Kaichuang Shi et al.

Summary: A multiplex crystal digital PCR (dPCR) was developed for the differential detection of African swine fever (ASF), classical swine fever (CSF), and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) in clinical samples. The assay showed good specificity, sensitivity, and repeatability, and achieved high coincidence rates in practical sample testing.

FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE (2022)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Identification of molecular mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of Xintong granule in coronary artery disease by a network pharmacology and molecular docking approach

Zhihong Huang et al.

Summary: This study predicted the active ingredients, potential targets, and molecular mechanisms of Xintong granule (XTG) in the treatment of coronary artery disease (CAD) using a network pharmacology approach. The results showed that XTG acts on CAD by regulating fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis, the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, and the relaxin signaling pathway.

MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Network pharmacological prediction and molecular docking analysis of the combination of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz. and Paeonia lactiflora Pall. in the treatment of functional constipation and its verification

Yuxiao Meng et al.

Summary: This study investigated the mechanism of functional constipation in the treatment of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz. (AMK) and Paeonia lactiflora Pall. (PLP). The main active ingredients of AMK and PLP were identified, and their role in the regulation of functional constipation targets was analyzed. The results showed that AMK and PLP can significantly downregulate the levels of AC, cAMP, and PKA, as well as the expression of AQP1, AQP3, and AQP8 in constipated rats.

ANIMAL MODELS AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE (2022)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Role of Induced Programmed Cell Death in the Chemopreventive Potential of Apigenin

Jung Yoon Jang et al.

Summary: Apigenin, a widely distributed flavonoid, has been extensively studied for its physiological effects, including anti-allergic, antibacterial, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiviral, and blood-pressure-lowering properties. Its anticancer properties are attributed to apoptosis, autophagy, necroptosis, and ferroptosis. This review aims to discuss the therapeutic potential of apigenin as a chemopreventive agent and the roles of programmed cell death mechanisms.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2022)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Chinese medicine in the treatment of autoimmune hepatitis: Progress and future opportunities

Jia Liu et al.

Summary: This review summarizes recent advances in the study of animal models for autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and their application in pharmacological research of Chinese medicine-based therapies. It aims to provide novel insights into the discovery of Chinese medicine-originated therapies for AIH using cutting-edge animal models.

ANIMAL MODELS AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE (2022)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

A comprehensive review on the antiviral activities of chalcones

Dana Elkhalifa et al.

Summary: This review provides a summary of the antiviral activities of chalcones and their derivatives on a set of human viral infections and their potential for targeting the most recent COVID-19 disease. Studies have shown that chalcones have various pharmacological activities, including antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticancer effects.

JOURNAL OF DRUG TARGETING (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Medicinal

The Role of EGCG in Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy

Adriana Romano et al.

Summary: The polyphenolic compound EGCG in green tea shows potential chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic effects on breast cancer by exerting antioxidant or pro-oxidant properties, inducing apoptosis, and inhibiting metastasis and angiogenesis. Further in vivo investigations are necessary to determine potential toxicity at higher doses and interactions with other drugs. The data support the clinical implications of EGCG for breast cancer prevention and therapy.

MINI-REVIEWS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY (2021)

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Article Immunology

(-)-Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Inhibits the Life Cycle of Pseudorabies Virus In Vitro and Protects Mice Against Fatal Infection

Changchao Huan et al.

Summary: The newly emerged pseudorabies virus (PRV) variant with enhanced pathogenicity in China has caused great economic cost to the swine industry, lacking effective prevention and treatment measures. EGCG showed significant antiviral activity against PRV mainly by inhibiting virus adsorption, entry, and replication in vitro, while also increasing the survival of mice challenged with PRV.

FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY (2021)

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Review Neurosciences

Neurodegenerative Diseases and Flavonoids: Special Reference to Kaempferol

Rahul et al.

Summary: Kaempferol, a flavonoid compound found in various plants, has neuroprotective effects against several neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, and Huntington's diseases. It delays the initiation and progression of these disorders by acting as a scavenger of free radicals and preserving the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Its ability to cross the Blood-Brain Barrier enhances its protective effects, making it a potential dietary supplement in preventing and treating neurodegenerative diseases.

CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Chalcone Scaffolds, Bioprecursors of Flavonoids: Chemistry, Bioactivities, and Pharmacokinetics

Mithun Rudrapal et al.

Summary: Chalcones are secondary metabolites found in edible and medicinal plants, with diverse pharmacological activities. Research on chalcones can provide a reliable platform for natural product-based drug discovery and promising drug candidates.

MOLECULES (2021)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Pharmacological review of isobavachalcone, a naturally occurring chalcone

Miaojuan Wang et al.

Summary: Isobavachalcone (IBC), a naturally occurring chalcone, exhibits various pharmacological activities and has the potential to be a promising lead compound for drug discovery.

PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Medicinal

The effect of soy isoflavones and soy isoflavones plus soy protein on serum concentration of tumor necrosis factor-α? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Mitra Hariri et al.

Summary: The study found that soy isoflavones or the combination of soy isoflavones and soy protein do not significantly reduce serum concentration of TNF-alpha, based on a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Virology

Quercetin as an antiviral agent inhibits the Pseudorabies virus in vitro and in vivo

Yumei Sun et al.

Summary: Quercetin was found to significantly decrease the PRV virulent strain HNX at a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 2.618 mu M and selectivity index 229. This anti-PRV activity of quercetin was found to be dose-dependent. Furthermore, quercetin also inhibited a wide spectrum of PRV strains, suggesting potential virucidal effects and interaction with viral particles.

VIRUS RESEARCH (2021)

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Review Virology

Structures and Functional Diversities of ASFV Proteins

Guoguo Wang et al.

Summary: African swine fever virus, with its highly contagious nature and complex structure, encodes 68 structural proteins and over 100 non-structural proteins that play important roles in its replication and survival. Known ASFV protein structures include a variety of functions such as endonuclease, protease, and core shell proteins, contributing to the virus's ability to evade host immune responses and resistance to control measures.

VIRUSES-BASEL (2021)

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Article Microbiology

Flavonoid Library Screening Reveals Kaempferol as a Potential Antiviral Agent Against African Swine Fever Virus

Erik Arabyan et al.

Summary: Naturally occurring plant flavonoids are a promising class of antiviral agents in inhibiting African swine fever virus (ASFV). Through a cell-based library screen of 90 flavonoids, kaempferol was identified as a potent inhibitor of ASFV with a distinct antiviral mechanism, showing dose-dependent inhibition and inducing autophagy in infected cells. The findings suggest that kaempferol is a promising anti-ASFV agent with potential for further exploration.

FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Qingwenzhike Prescription Alleviates Acute Lung Injury Induced by LPS via Inhibiting TLR4/NF-kB Pathway and NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation

Cai Zhang et al.

Summary: This study identified the chemical compositions of QWZK and demonstrated its protective effects on LPS-induced ALI, potentially through inhibiting the TLR4/NF-kB signaling pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. It suggested that QWZK is a potential therapeutic candidate for the treatments of ALI and pulmonary inflammation.

FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY (2021)

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Article Immunology

Systems Immunology Analyses Following Porcine Respiratory and Reproductive Syndrome Virus Infection and Vaccination

Loic Vivien Bocard et al.

Summary: This study aimed to understand the nature of innate and adaptive immune responses to PRRSV, revealing differences in regulation by PRRSV-2 strains and MLV. Different PRRSV strains induced varied immune responses, impacting platelet activation, dendritic cell activity, interferon type I, and plasma cell responses. Correlations of BTMs with T-cell responses showed both positive and negative associations post-infection, indicating complexities in immune regulation.

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Immunology

Rutin, α-tocopherol, and L-ascorbic acid up-regulate type I interferon-regulated gene and type I and II interferon expressions and reduce inflammatory cytokine expressions in monocyte-derived macrophages infected with highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

Pichanan Suebsaard et al.

Summary: This study found that rutin, alpha-tocopherol, and L-ascorbic acid enhance type I interferon-regulated genes and type I and II interferon expressions, while reducing pro- and/or anti-inflammatory cytokine expressions in HP-PRRSV-inoculated MDM, suggesting their potential as effective immunomodulators for improving the innate immune response to HP-PRRSV.

VETERINARY IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOPATHOLOGY (2021)

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Review Virology

Hemagglutinin Stability and Its Impact on Influenza A Virus Infectivity, Pathogenicity, and Transmissibility in Avians, Mice, Swine, Seals, Ferrets, and Humans

Charles J. Russell

Summary: Genetically diverse influenza A viruses circulate in wild aquatic birds, causing outbreaks, epidemics, and pandemics in various species. Studies show that the stability of the HA surface glycoprotein can modulate host range, replication, pathogenicity, and transmissibility of the virus.

VIRUSES-BASEL (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Puerarin enhances intestinal function in piglets infected with porcine epidemic diarrhea virus

Mengjun Wu et al.

Summary: Puerarin was found to alleviate intestinal injury in piglets infected with PEDV by reducing morbidity, improving antioxidant capacity, modulating immune responses, and regulating gut microbiota composition, indicating its potential as a promising supplement for the prevention of PEDV infection.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2021)

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Article Virology

African Swine Fever Virus Protein E199L Promotes Cell Autophagy through the Interaction of PYCR2

Sheng Chen et al.

Summary: The study found that ASFV E199L protein induces autophagy activation through interaction with PYCR2 and down-regulation of PYCR2 expression level.

VIROLOGICA SINICA (2021)

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Article Veterinary Sciences

The antiviral activity of kaempferol against pseudorabies virus in mice

Lixia Li et al.

Summary: The results of this study indicate that kaempferol shows anti-Pseudorabies virus activity in mice, improving survival rates, inhibiting virus replication, alleviating pathogenic changes in organs, and affecting viral gene transcription.

BMC VETERINARY RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Flavonoids in Ampelopsis grossedentata as covalent inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro: Inhibition potentials, covalent binding sites and inhibitory mechanisms

Yuan Xiong et al.

Summary: The study demonstrated that flavonoids in Ampelopsis grossedentata extract strongly and time-dependently inhibit SARS-CoV-2 3C-like protease. Flavonoids such as myricetin and dihydromyricetin were identified as key constituents with significant inhibitory effects on SARS-CoV-2 3C-like protease.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES (2021)

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Article Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science

Effect of dietary crude protein level on growth performance, blood characteristics, and indicators of intestinal health in weanling pigs

Joseph R. Limbach et al.

Summary: The experiment found that reducing crude protein levels in starter diets for pigs can decrease post-weaning diarrhea and the expression of genes associated with inflammation.

JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Virology

Coronavirus Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Nucleocapsid Protein Interacts with p53 To Induce Cell Cycle Arrest in S-Phase and Promotes Viral Replication

Mingjun Su et al.

Summary: The study revealed that PEDV N protein interacts with p53 to activate the p53-DREAM pathway, inducing S-phase arrest to promote viral replication. Hyperoside, a small molecular compound, can antagonize N protein-induced S-phase arrest and inhibit viral replication by interfering with N protein-p53 interaction. These findings shed new light on PEDV-host interaction and offer a novel antiviral strategy against PEDV.

JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY (2021)

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Article Microbiology

PCV2 targets cGAS to inhibit type I interferon induction to promote other DNA virus infection

Zhenyu Wang et al.

Summary: PCV2 infection promotes cGAS degradation by activating signaling pathways and regulating protein phosphorylation, which weakens host antiviral immunity and promotes DNA virus infection.

PLOS PATHOGENS (2021)

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Review Immunology

Structure of African Swine Fever Virus and Associated Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Infection and Immunosuppression: A Review

Yue Wang et al.

Summary: African swine fever (ASF) is an acute, highly contagious, and deadly infectious disease with almost 100% mortality rate. The ASFV, which causes ASF, is a unique DNA virus with insect-borne transmission and there are no effective vaccines or antiviral drugs for prevention or treatment. The complexity of viral genome and its strong ability to regulate host immune response make vaccine development challenging.

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

The Flavonoid Biosynthesis Network in Plants

Weixin Liu et al.

Summary: Flavonoids are important secondary metabolites found in plants, with biosynthesis pathways that have been extensively researched. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the biosynthetic pathways of flavonoids in plants, offering a detailed map of the process.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2021)

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Article Food Science & Technology

Apigenin ameliorates hepatic lipid accumulation by activating the autophagy-mitochondria pathway

Man Chen Hsu et al.

Summary: Apigenin, a flavonoid extracted from plants, protects against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by activating the autophagy-mitochondrial pathway, leading to increased levels of fatty acids and improved mitochondrial function.

JOURNAL OF FOOD AND DRUG ANALYSIS (2021)

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Article Plant Sciences

Isolation, X-ray crystal structure of the new diterpene and identification of others lignans and flavonoids from the fresh needles of Pinus massoniana

Yun-Chuan Xiao et al.

JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Inhibition of SARS-CoV 3CL protease by flavonoids

Seri Jo et al.

JOURNAL OF ENZYME INHIBITION AND MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY (2020)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors block proliferation of TGEV mainly through p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways

Wanyu Dong et al.

ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH (2020)

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Article Food Science & Technology

Radioprotection of EGCG based on immunoregulatory effect and antioxidant activity against 60Coγ radiation-induced injury in mice

Juanjuan Yi et al.

FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY (2020)

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Article Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science

Dietary soy isoflavones reduce pathogen-related mortality in growing pigs under porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viral challenge

Brooke N. Smith et al.

JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE (2020)

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Article Neurosciences

Human encephalitis caused by pseudorabies virus infection: a case report

Di Wang et al.

JOURNAL OF NEUROVIROLOGY (2020)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Genetic diversity and prevalence of porcine circovirus type 3 (PCV3) and type 2 (PCV2) in the Midwest of the USA during 2016-2018

Yin Wang et al.

TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES (2020)

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Article Immunology

Porcine circovirus type 2a or 2b based experimental vaccines provide protection against PCV2d/porcine parvovirus 2 co-challenge

Tanja Opriessnig et al.

VACCINE (2020)

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Article Virology

Antiviral Effect of Epigallocatechin Gallate via Impairing Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Attachment to Host Cell Receptor

Jiarong Li et al.

VIRUSES-BASEL (2020)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Swine Influenza A Viruses and the Tangled Relationship with Humans

Tavis K. Anderson et al.

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine (2020)

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Article Immunology

Quantitative Proteomic Analysis Reveals Antiviral and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Puerarin in Piglets Infected With Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus

Mengjun Wu et al.

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2020)

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Article Immunology

Oral supplementation of quercetin in PRRSV-1 modified-live virus vaccinated pigs in response to HP-PRRSV-2 challenge

Wilawan Ruansit et al.

VACCINE (2020)

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Article Virology

Isobavachalcone inhibits Pseudorabies virus by impairing virus-induced cell-to-cell fusion

Yu Wang et al.

VIROLOGY JOURNAL (2020)

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Article Virology

Emergence and evolution of novel G2b-like porcine epidemic diarrhea virus inter-subgroup G1b recombinants

Jonghyun Park et al.

ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY (2020)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

The Effects of Flavonoids in Cardiovascular Diseases

Lorena Ciumarnean et al.

MOLECULES (2020)

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Article Virology

Antiviral mechanisms of candidate chemical medicines and traditional Chinese medicines for SARS-CoV-2 infection

Chang Li et al.

VIRUS RESEARCH (2020)

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Review Virology

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV): An update on etiology, transmission, pathogenesis, and prevention and control

Kwonil Jung et al.

VIRUS RESEARCH (2020)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

Antiviral Properties of Flavonoids and Delivery Strategies

Paolino Ninfali et al.

NUTRIENTS (2020)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Extraction of Flavonoids From Natural Sources Using Modern Techniques

Jaisa Oliveira Chaves et al.

FRONTIERS IN CHEMISTRY (2020)

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Article Veterinary Sciences

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