Journal
PHARMACEUTICS
Volume 14, Issue 10, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14102185
Keywords
Cynara scolymus L; biomedical implementations; cytotoxic; green synthesis; silver nanoparticles
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Funding
- Deanship of Scientific Research at Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
- Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
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Green synthesized flower extract AgNPs exhibited cytotoxicity in A549 and PC-3 cells through apoptosis-induction. They increased gene and protein expression of pro-apoptotic markers while decreasing expression of anti-apoptotic genes, indicating their potential role in anti-cancer therapy.
Different parts of Cynara scolymus L. and their green synthesized eco-friendly silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were screened for their cytotoxicity and apoptotic activity. Results showed that flower extract AgNPs exhibited more potent cytotoxicity compared to the normal form against PC-3 and A549 cell lines with IC50 values of 2.47 mu g/mL and 1.35 mu g/mL, respectively. The results were compared to doxorubicin (IC50 = 5.13 and 6.19 mu g/mL, respectively). For apoptosis-induction, AgNPs prepared from the flower extract induced cell death by apoptosis by 41.34-fold change and induced necrotic cell death by 10.2-fold. Additionally, they induced total prostate apoptotic cell death by a 16.18-fold change, and it slightly induced necrotic cell death by 2.7-fold. Hence, green synthesized flower extract AgNPs exhibited cytotoxicity in A549 and PC-3 through apoptosis-induction in both cells. Consequently, synthesized AgNPs were further tested for apoptosis and increased gene and protein expression of pro-apoptotic markers while decreasing expression of anti-apoptotic genes. As a result, this formula may serve as a promising source for anti-cancer candidates. Finally, liquid chromatography combined with electrospray mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS) analysis was assessed to identify the common bioactive metabolites in crude extracts of stem, flower, and bract.
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