Journal
CANCERS
Volume 14, Issue 18, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/cancers14184380
Keywords
hepatocellular carcinoma; dendritic-cell vaccine; immunotherapy; clinical trials; preclinical studies
Categories
Funding
- China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan [DMR-111-055]
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This review summarizes the evidence from clinical trials and recent preclinical studies on dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccines as mono- or combination immunotherapy for treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). DCs, as the most potent antigen-presenting cells in the human immune system, play an important role in activating immune responses against tumor cells. DC-based vaccines have been developed as a promising personalized cancer immunotherapy. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the evidence from clinical trials and preclinical studies on the safety, feasibility, and efficacy of DC-based vaccines in treating HCC patients and highlights the development of strategies for optimizing the efficacy of DC-vaccine-based immunotherapy for HCC.
Simple Summary This review summarizes the evidence from clinical trials and recent preclinical studies regarding the evaluation and optimization of dendritic cells (DCs)-based vaccines as either mono- or combination immunotherapy with current anticancer therapies and/or various immune effector cells for treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Although many surgical and nonsurgical therapeutic options have been well-established, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains the third most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Therefore, the discovery of novel potential therapeutic strategies is still urgently required for improving survival and prognosis of HCC patients. As the most potent antigen-presenting cells in the human immune system, dendritic cells (DCs) play an important role in activating not only innate but also adaptive immune responses to specifically destroy tumor cells. As a result, DC-based vaccines, which are prepared by different tumor-antigen-pulsing strategies or maturation-stimulating reagents, either alone or in combination with various anticancer therapies and/or immune effector cells, have been developed as a promising personalized cancer immunotherapy. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the evidence from clinical trials evaluating the safety, feasibility, and efficacy of DC-based vaccines in treating HCC patients and highlights the data from recent preclinical studies regarding the development of promising strategies for optimizing the efficacy of DC-vaccine-based immunotherapy for HCC.
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