Journal
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY
Volume 53, Issue 4, Pages 880-887Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjw056
Keywords
Triatoma infestans; Gran Chaco; pyrethroid resistance; toxicological heterogeneity
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Funding
- PICT [2012-0860]
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas of Argentina
- Proyecto de Fortalecimiento de la Interrupcion de la Transmision Vectorial de la Enfermedad de Chagas en la Republica Argentina-Fonplata, Ministerio de la Salud de la Republica Argentina [ARG 19/2013]
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Chagas disease is one of the most important parasitic infections in Latin America. The main vector of the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi in America is Triatoma infestans, a blood-sucking triatomine bug who is widely distributed in the Gran Chaco ecoregion. Control programs in endemic countries are focused in the elimination of triatomine vectors with pyrethroid insecticides. However, chemical control has failed in the Gran Chaco over the last two decades because of several factors. Previous studies have reported the evolution of different levels of resistance to deltamethrin in Tri. infestans. Recently, very high resistance has been found in the central area of the Argentine Gran Chaco. However, the origin and the extension of this remarkably resistant focus remain unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the geographical variation of deltamethrin susceptibility of Tri. infestans in different endemic provinces of Argentina, with emphasis in the center of the Argentine Gran Chaco ecoregion where this main vector has not been reduced. Populations of Mendoza, San Juan, Santiago del Estero, and Tucuman provinces were all susceptible. Resistant populations were only detected in the province of Chaco, where a mosaic resistant focus was described at the Guemes Department. It was characterized into three pyrethroid resistance categories: susceptible, low, and highly resistant populations. We found the populations with the highest resistance levels to deltamethrin, with resistant ratios over 1000.
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