Journal
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
Volume 11, Issue 21, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/jcm11216434
Keywords
bone; menopause; osteoblast; osteoclast; osteocyte; skeleton
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Funding
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia through Fundamental Research Grant [FF-2022-077]
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This review provides an overview of osteoporosis, including its biology, epidemiology, and clinical aspects, serving as an updated reference for readers to understand the basics of the disease and take preventive and management actions.
Osteoporosis refers to excessive bone loss as reflected by the deterioration of bone mass and microarchitecture, which compromises bone strength. It is a complex multifactorial endocrine disease. Its pathogenesis relies on the presence of several endogenous and exogenous risk factors, which skew the physiological bone remodelling to a more catabolic process that results in net bone loss. This review aims to provide an overview of osteoporosis from its biology, epidemiology and clinical aspects (detection and pharmacological management). The review will serve as an updated reference for readers to understand the basics of osteoporosis and take action to prevent and manage this disease.
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