GAIT ANALYSIS: SYSTEMS, TECHNOLOGIES, AND IMPORTANCE

Human gait is the identity of a person's style and quality of life. Reliable cognition of gait properties over time, continuous monitoring, accuracy of evaluation, and proper analysis of human gait characteristics have demonstrated their importance not only in clinical and medical studies, but also in the field of sports, rehabilitation, training, and robotics research. Focusing on walking gait, this study presents an overview on gait mechanisms, common technologies used in gait analysis, and importance of this particular field of research. Firstly, available technologies that involved in gait analysis are briefly introduced in this paper by concentrating on the usability and limitations of the systems. Secondly, key gait parameters and motion characteristics are elucidated from four angles of views; one: gait phases and gait properties; two: center of mass and center of pressure (CoM-CoP) tracking profile; three: Ground Reaction Force (GRF) and impact, and four: muscle activation. Thirdly, the study focuses on the clinical observations of gait patterns in diagnosing gait abnormalities of impaired patients. The presentation also shows the importance of gait analysis in sports to improve performance as well as to avoid risk of injuries of sports personnel. Significance of gait analysis in robotic research is also illustrated in this part where the study focuses on robot assisted systems and its possible applicability in clinical rehabilitation and sports training.