Journal
3D PRINTING AND ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
Volume -, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC
DOI: 10.1089/3dp.2022.0016
Keywords
selective laser melting; Invar 36; titanium; tensile property; thermal expansion coefficient
Funding
- National Key Research and Development Program of China from the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China [2018YFB0703400]
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In this study, the addition of pure titanium powder particles into Invar 36 was found to improve its tensile strengths by forming amorphous SiO2 nanoparticles and nano-sized spherical Ti2O3 particles. Although there was a minor compromise in thermal expansion properties, the newly synthesized Invar 36-Ti alloy still exhibited low thermal expansion coefficients at low temperatures and remarkably enhanced tensile strengths.
Invar 36 exhibits extremely low thermal expansion coefficients at low temperatures but also low yield strength (YS), which greatly restricts its application as a structural material. In this study, a small fraction of pure titanium powder particles was added into Invar 36 by powder mixing and selective laser melting (SLM) with the aim of further improving tensile strengths of Invar 36. It was found that increased laser power led to increased grain size and to slight decrease in YS in Invar 36. During SLM, amorphous SiO2 nanoparticles were formed and homogeneously distributed in Invar 36. With the addition of 2 at% Ti powder particles, grains became larger and the crystallographic texture along and increased to some extent. Moreover, the bottom of solidified melt pools was segregated with Ti while the matrix was homogeneously decorated by a great number of nano-sized spherical Ti2O3 particles. These particles were found to have effectively impeded dislocation motion during plastic deformation, leading to significant improvement in 0.2% YS and ultimate tensile strength. The above precipitation led to consumption of a small amount of Ni from the matrix, which caused a minor compromise in thermal expansion properties. Nonetheless, the newly synthesized Invar 36-Ti alloy still exhibits low thermal expansion coefficients at low temperatures and remarkably enhanced tensile strengths.
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