Journal
CRYSTALS
Volume 12, Issue 10, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/cryst12101340
Keywords
direct laser writing; diffraction gratings; stretchability; liquid crystals
Funding
- EPSRC in the UK [EP/R004803/01, EP/R511742/1, EP/T517811/1]
- John Fell Fund (Oxford University Press)
- Royal Society (UK)
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This paper demonstrates the fabrication of mechanically tunable diffraction gratings in stretchable LC gels using a combination of two-photon polymerization direct laser writing (TPP-DLW) and ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. The results show that a diffraction grating can be written using TPP-DLW in the presence of an electric field to align and lock-in the LC director in a homeotropic configuration. The paper also presents the change in the diffraction grating period and far-field diffraction pattern when the film is stretched or contracted.
Direct laser writing (DLW) in liquid crystals (LCs) enables a range of new stimuli-responsive functionality to be realized. Here, a method of fabricating mechanically tunable diffraction gratings in stretchable LC gels is demonstrated using a combination of two-photon polymerization direct laser writing (TPP-DLW) and ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. Results are presented that demonstrate the fabrication of a diffraction grating that is written using TPP-DLW in the presence of an electric field in order to align and lock-in the LC director in a homeotropic configuration. The electric field is subsequently removed and the surrounding regions of the LC layer are then exposed to UV light to freeze-in a different alignment so as to ensure that there is a phase difference between the laser written and UV illuminated polymerized regions. It is found that there is a change in the period of the diffraction grating when observed on a polarizing optical microscope as well as a change in the far-field diffraction pattern when the film is stretched or contracted. These experimental results are then compared with the results from simulations. The paper concludes with a demonstration of tuning of the far-field diffraction pattern of a 2-dimensional diffraction grating.
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