Journal
SUSTAINABILITY
Volume 14, Issue 21, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/su142114145
Keywords
modeling; SRTM; Wadi Hali; runoff; satellite data; risk assessment; flood hazards
Funding
- King Saud University
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This study uses remote sensing and GIS techniques, combined with a multicriteria decision-making method, to delineate flash flood vulnerable areas in Wadi Hali in southwestern Saudi Arabia. The integration of various data sources successfully identifies and maps zones of flood risk, providing valuable information for mitigating flood hazards.
Flash flooding is one of the most significant natural disasters in arid/hyperarid regions and causes vast property damage and a large number of deaths. For mitigating and reducing flood risks, data from several remote sensing satellite images-Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) Digital Elevation Model (DEM), Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI), and Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM)-were prepared and combined through a GIS-based multicriteria decision-making technique to test and delineate the flash flood vulnerable areas of Wadi Hali in southwestern Saudi Arabia. Several flash flood thematic layers representing topographic, geomorphic, climatic, and hydrological conditions were prepared, normalized, and combined through a GIS- based analytic hierarchy process (AHP) technique to obtain flash flood hazard zones (FFHs). This method successfully presented a satisfactory output map that revealed six zones of flood risk, and areas of extreme hazard covered about 13% of the entire basin. Landsat 8 band composite 7, 5, and 3 and field data validated the FFHs. This map considered a key requirement for sustaining safe settlements downstream of Wadi Hali. Overall, the integration of remote sensing and GIS techniques revealed significant areas of flash flood zones in an arid region.
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