Correlation between maternal serum-amniotic fluid anti-angiogenic factors and uterine artery Doppler indices

Purpose: Elevated sFlt-1 and sEng is usually a clue for impending preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction. Likewise, uterine artery Doppler ultrasound is being investigated for prediction of similar conditions. In this study, we aimed to explore the possible relations of these two proteins in different body compartments with uterine artery Doppler indices (UtAD) in a healthy second trimester obstetric population. Methods: Levels of sFlt-1 and sEng were measured in serum and amniotic fluid samples of 43 patients. UtAD were measured on the days of sample collections. Findings were then analyzed for possible correlation. Results: There was a positive correlation between the levels of maternal serum sFlt-1 (MSsFlt-1) and sEng levels (MSsEng) (r = 0.516, p < 0.001). The negative correlation between MSsFlt-1 and UtAD was disappeared after elimination of poor obstetric outcome pregnancies (r = -0.371, p = 0.016). No correlation was found between UtAD and studied protein levels in amniotic fluid. Mean MSsFlt-1 level was 305.2 +/- 220.1 pg/ml and mean AFsFlt-1 was 48.9 +/- 11.8 ng/ml. Mean MSsEng level was 4.5 +/- 1.3 ng/ml, mean AFsEng level was found 0.7 +/- 0.3 ng/ml. Mean values for UtAD were 1.3 +/- 0.4, 0.6 +/- 0.1 and 3.5 +/- 1.3 for PI, RI, and S/D, respectively. Conclusion: In normal second trimester pregnancies, there is a positive correlation between serum levels of sFlt-1 and sEng levels. Amniotic fluid levels of sEng and sFlt-1 are not correlated with UtAD in uncomplicated pregnancies.