Journal
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
Volume 13, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.927282
Keywords
quaternary ammonium silane; Sortase-A; antimicrobial; antibacterial; biomaterial; dentistry; drug delivery; irrigant
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Funding
- KHG fiteBac Technology, Marietta, GA, USA
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Quaternary ammonium silane is a novel biomaterial with broad spectrum antimicrobial activities and low cytotoxicity, which has been used in dentistry and shows potential for important applications in the field.
Quaternary ammonium silane [(QAS), codename - k21] is a novel biomaterial developed by sol-gel process having broad spectrum antimicrobial activities with low cytotoxicity. It has been used in various concentrations with maximum antimicrobial efficacy and biocompatibility. The antimicrobial mechanism is displayed via contact killing, causing conformational changes within the bacterial cell membrane, inhibiting Sortase-A enzyme, and causing cell disturbances due to osmotic changes. The compound can attach to S1' pockets on matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), leading to massive MMP enzyme inhibition, making it one of the most potent protease inhibitors. Quaternary ammonium silane has been synthesized and used in dentistry to eliminate the biofilm from dental tissues. QAS has been tested for its antibacterial activity as a cavity disinfectant, endodontic irrigant, restorative and root canal medication, and a nanocarrier for drug delivery approaches. The review is first of its kind that aims to discuss applications of QAS as a novel antibacterial biomaterial for dental applications along with discussions on its cytotoxic effects and future prospects in dentistry.
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