Journal
ELIFE
Volume 11, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
eLIFE SCIENCES PUBL LTD
DOI: 10.7554/eLife.81412
Keywords
eccDNA; human diseases; biomedical research
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This review summarizes the formation and modes of action of eccDNA in eukaryotic cells, as well as its role as a disease biomarker and its regulatory mechanism. The authors discuss the future prospects of eccDNA, suggesting that it holds great promise in biomedical research and clinical application.
Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) is a double-stranded DNA molecule found in various organisms, including humans. In the past few decades, the research on eccDNA has mainly focused on cancers and their associated diseases. Advancements in modern omics technologies have reinvigorated research on eccDNA and shed light on the role of these molecules in a range of diseases and normal cell phenotypes. In this review, we first summarize the formation of eccDNA and its modes of action in eukaryotic cells. We then outline eccDNA as a disease biomarker and reveal its regulatory mechanism. We finally discuss the future prospects of eccDNA, including basic research and clinical application. Thus, with the deepening of understanding and exploration of eccDNAs, they hold great promise in future biomedical research and clinical translational application.
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