4.7 Article

Interfacial Properties and Melt Processability of Cellulose Acetate Propionate Composites by Melt Blending of Biofillers

Journal

POLYMERS
Volume 14, Issue 20, Pages -

Publisher

MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/polym14204286

Keywords

interfacial properties; melt blend cellulose acetate propionate; biocomposite; automobile interior parts

Funding

  1. Clean Factory Technology [20015210]
  2. Technology Innovation Program - Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy (MOTIE, Korea) [20011422]
  3. Technology Development Program - Ministry of SMEs and Startups (MSS, Korea) [S2960799, S3248128]
  4. Korea Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology (KEIT) [20011422] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
  5. Korea Technology & Information Promotion Agency for SMEs (TIPA) [S3248128, S2960799] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)

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In this study, eco-friendly biocomposites with improved mechanical properties and interfacial interaction were prepared using a cellulose acetate derivative as a polymer matrix and pre-surface-treated natural fibers as biofillers.
A series of eco-friendly biocomposites with improved mechanical properties and interfacial interaction were prepared by melt-mixing natural fibers using a cellulose acetate derivative as a polymer matrix and used to evaluate their mechanical, thermal, and morphological properties. The natural fiber used as a biofiller was pre-surface-treated by a refining process using alkali and natural enzymes to improve compatibility and increase interfacial bonding with biopolymer substrate. To increase the processability of the cellulose material, the raw material was plasticized and the composition prepared in the form of pellets in a twin-screw extruder by mixing with an additive before being molded through an injection process. For each composition, the interfacial bonding force between different materials was confirmed through morphology analysis and evaluation of mechanical and thermal properties. When biofillers and a viscosity modifier were used at the same time, the fabricated biocomposites had controllable crystallinity, stiffness, and elasticity and showed improved mechanical strength, such as tensile strength and flexural strength. These results indicated that interfacial properties could be increased through interfacial interactions between two different components due to appropriate surface treatment. In addition, it was confirmed that a composition having interfacial interaction, not a simple mixture, could be prepared by lowering both glass transition and melting temperature. The lowering of glass transition temperature increased the elasticity of the biocomposites, which have the potential advantage of easier melt processing when applied to various injection parts.

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