Journal
ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS
Volume 11, Issue 23, Pages -Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202201214
Keywords
blood circulation; cancer; cell-derived vesicles; nanoparticles; protein corona; stealthing
Funding
- Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)
- European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), under the Portugal 2020 Program, through the Regional Operational Program of the Center (Centro2020) [UIDB/00709/2020]
- FCT [SFRH/BD/144680/2019, 2021.00590.CEECIND]
- UBI-Banco Santander/Totta
- [CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-028989]
- [POCI-01-0145-FEDER-031462]
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Cancer nanomedicines have limited efficacy due to their quick elimination by the immune system. Increasing their blood circulation time and understanding the interaction between nanoparticles and biological components can improve their therapeutic outcomes, making them more effective in targeting tumors.
Cancer nanomedicines are designed to encapsulate different therapeutic agents, prevent their premature release, and deliver them specifically to cancer cells, due to their ability to preferentially accumulate in tumor tissue. However, after intravenous administration, nanoparticles immediately interact with biological components that facilitate their recognition by the immune system, being rapidly removed from circulation. Reports show that less than 1% of the administered nanoparticles effectively reach the tumor site. This suboptimal pharmacokinetic profile is pointed out as one of the main factors for the nanoparticles' suboptimal therapeutic effectiveness and poor translation to the clinic. Therefore, an extended blood circulation time may be crucial to increase the nanoparticles' chances of being accumulated in the tumor and promote a site-specific delivery of therapeutic agents. For that purpose, the understanding of the forces that govern the nanoparticles' interaction with biological components and the impact of the physicochemical properties on the in vivo fate will allow the development of novel and more effective nanomedicines. Therefore, in this review, the nano-bio interactions are summarized. Moreover, the application of cell-derived vesicles for extending the blood circulation time and tumor accumulation is reviewed, focusing on the advantages and shortcomings of each cell source.
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