Journal
CARBON
Volume 88, Issue -, Pages 239-251Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2015.03.014
Keywords
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Funding
- Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad, MINECO [MAT2012-31651]
- Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER)
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A simple one-step synthesis methodology for the fabrication of mesoporous carbons with an excellent performance as supercapacitor electrodes is presented. The procedure is based on the carbonization of non-alkali organic salts such as citrate salts of iron, zinc or calcium. The carbonized products contain numerous inorganic nanoparticles (i.e. Fe, ZnO or CaO) embedded within a carbonaceous matrix. These nanoparticles act as endotemplate, which when removed, leaves a mesoporous network. The resulting carbon samples have a large specific surface area up to similar to 1600 m(2) g(-1) and a porosity made up almost exclusively of mesopores. An appropriate heat-treatment of these materials with melamine allows the synthesis of N-doped carbons which have a high nitrogen content (similar to 8-9 wt.%), a large specific surface area and retain the mesoporous structure. The mesoporous carbon samples were employed as electrode materials in supercapacitors. They exhibit specific capacitances of 200-240 F g(-1) in 1 M H2SO4 and 100-130 F g(-1) in EMImTFSI/AN. More importantly, the carbon samples possess a good capacitance retention in both electrolytes (>50% in H2SO4 and >80% in EMImTFSI/AN at 100 A g(-1)) owing to their mesoporous structure which facilitates the penetration and transportation of ions. (c) 2015 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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