Journal
NUTRIENTS
Volume 14, Issue 17, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/nu14173562
Keywords
COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; gestational diabetes; nutrition; physical activity; insulin; metformin; adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes
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Pregnant women with GDM affected by COVID-19, especially those who are overweight or obese, are at higher risk of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Good glycemic control is the most effective measure in reducing the risk of GDM and severe COVID-19.
Pregnant women with GDM affected by COVID-19 seem to be at higher risk of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes, especially those with overweight or obesity. Good glycemic control seems to be the most effective measure in reducing the risk of GDM and severe COVID-19. For such purposes, the Mediterranean diet, micronutrient supplementation, and physical activity are considered the first line of treatment. Failure to achieve glycemic control leads to the use of insulin, and this clinical scenario has been shown to be associated with an increased risk of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. In this review, we explore the current evidence pertaining to the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 leading to the main complications caused by COVID-19 in patients with GDM. We also discuss the incidence of complications caused by COVID-19 in pregnant women with GDM according to their treatment.
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