Journal
MATERIALS
Volume 15, Issue 16, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ma15165645
Keywords
electronic structure; optical absorption; visible light responsive photocatalyst; Cu doping; hybrid functional density functional theory
Categories
Funding
- Deanship of Scientific Research, Vice Presidency for Graduate Studies and Scientific Research, King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia
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In this study, the influence of Cu doping at different concentrations on TiO2 was investigated using density functional theory. The results showed that Cu doping at the Ti site had a lower energy of formation than at the O site in oxygen-rich environments. Cu doping introduced intermediate bands into TiO2, narrowing the band gap and enabling visible light absorption.
We report a theoretical investigation of the influence of Cu doping into TiO2 with various concentrations on crystal structure, stability, electronic structures and optical absorption coefficient using density functional theory via the hybrid formalism based on Heyd Scuseria Ernzerhof. Our findings show that oxygen-rich environments are better for fabricating Cu-doped materials and that the energy of formation for Cu doping at the Ti site is lower than for Cu doping at the O site under these environments. It is found that Cu doping introduces intermediate bands into TiO2, narrowing the band gap. Optical absorption curves show that the Cu-doped TiO2 can successfully harvest visible light. The presence of widely intermediate bands above the valence-band edge could explain the increase in the visible light absorption range. However, the intensity of visible light absorption rises with the increase in doping concentration.
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