4.6 Review

An Update on Detection Technologies for SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern

Journal

VIRUSES-BASEL
Volume 14, Issue 11, Pages -

Publisher

MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/v14112324

Keywords

SARS-CoV-2; VOCs; PCR; CRISPR

Categories

Funding

  1. National Natural Science Foundation of China [82002147, 82073618]
  2. China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2019M662543]
  3. Key Scientific Research Project of Henan Institution of Higher Education [20A330004, 21A310026]

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The mutations of SARS-CoV-2 have led to a decline in vaccine effectiveness and detection sensitivity, highlighting the importance of research on detecting VOCs for controlling the epidemic.
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for the global epidemic of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), with a significant impact on the global economy and human safety. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is the gold standard for detecting SARS-CoV-2, but because the virus's genome is prone to mutations, the effectiveness of vaccines and the sensitivity of detection methods are declining. Variants of concern (VOCs) include Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, and Omicron, which are able to evade recognition by host immune mechanisms leading to increased transmissibility, morbidity, and mortality of COVID-19. A range of research has been reported on detection techniques for VOCs, which is beneficial to prevent the rapid spread of the epidemic, improve the effectiveness of public health and social measures, and reduce the harm to human health and safety. However, a meaningful translation of this that reduces the burden of disease, and delivers a clear and cohesive message to guide daily clinical practice, remains preliminary. Herein, we summarize the capabilities of various nucleic acid and protein-based detection methods developed for VOCs in identifying and differentiating current VOCs and compare the advantages and disadvantages of each method, providing a basis for the rapid detection of VOCs strains and their future variants and the adoption of corresponding preventive and control measures.

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