4.6 Article

Enhanced Fluoride Adsorption on Aluminum-Impregnated Kenaf Biochar: Adsorption Characteristics and Mechanism

Journal

WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION
Volume 233, Issue 11, Pages -

Publisher

SPRINGER INT PUBL AG
DOI: 10.1007/s11270-022-05906-0

Keywords

Kenaf; Biochar; Fluoride removal; Impregnation; Al-based adsorbents

Funding

  1. Cooperative Research Program for Agriculture Science and Technology Development [PJ01477903]
  2. Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea

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In this study, aluminum-impregnated kenaf biochar (Al-KNF-300) was found to have the highest fluoride adsorption capacity among different pyrolysis temperatures. The maximum fluoride adsorption capacity of Al-KNF-300 was 13.93 mg/g according to the Langmuir model.
In this study, kenaf, a fast-growing plant, was pyrolyzed to biochar, and the biochar was impregnated with aluminum to improve its fluoride adsorption capacity. The Al-impregnated kenaf biochar (Al-KNF-BC) was pyrolyzed at temperatures of 300-700 degrees C, where the specimen treated at 300 degrees C (Al-KNF-300) demonstrated the highest fluoride adsorption capacity. The kinetics and equilibrium adsorption of fluoride by Al-KNF-300 followed the pseudo-second-order and Langmuir models, respectively. According to the Langmuir model, the maximum fluoride adsorption capacity of Al-KNF-300 was 13.93 mg/g. The enthalpy and entropy of fluoride adsorption by Al-KNF-300 were 37.80 kJ/mol and 124.1 J/mol K, respectively. Fluoride adsorption by Al-KNF-300 was favorable at pH values as low as 3, and the effect of anion competition followed the order HCO3- > SO42- > NO3- > Cl-. A maximum adsorption efficiency of 99.23% was obtained at an adsorbent concentration of 16.67 g/L, at which point the fluoride concentration decreased from 100 to < 1.5 mg/L (the drinking water standard). Based on these results, Al-KNF-300 can be considered an effective and inexpensive adsorbent for removing fluoride from contaminated water to meet drinking water standards.

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