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Associations between sleep-related heart rate variability and both sleep and symptoms of depression and anxiety: A systematic review

Journal

SLEEP MEDICINE
Volume 101, Issue -, Pages 106-117

Publisher

ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2022.10.018

Keywords

Autonomic nervous system; Heart rate variability (HRV); Insomnia; Sleep; Depression; Anxiety; PTSD

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There is a bidirectional relationship between poor sleep and mood-and anxiety-related disorders, and both are independently associated with altered autonomic nervous system (ANS) function. Heart rate variability (HRV) can reflect ANS dysregulation during sleep, which may play a mediating role in the association between poor sleep and mood-and anxiety-related disorders.
There is a bidirectional relationship between poor sleep and both mood-and anxiety-related disorders, which are among leading global health concerns. Additionally, both disordered sleep and these psy-chiatric disorders appear to be independently associated with altered autonomic nervous system (ANS) function. We hypothesise that ANS dysregulation during sleep may explain part of the relationship be-tween poor sleep and mood-and anxiety-related disorders. Heart rate variability (HRV) is a frequently used marker of ANS function and gives an indication of ANS input to the heart -in particular, of the relative contributions of sympathetic and parasympathetic activity. A systematic review of PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science yielded 41 studies dealing with sleep, mood-and anxiety-related disorders and sleep-related HRV. Hyperarousal during sleep, reflecting a predominance of sympathetic activation and indicative of ANS dysregulation, may be an important factor in the association between poor sleep and mood-related disorders. Longitudinal studies and mediation analyses are necessary to further un-derstand the potential mediating role of ANS dysregulation on the relationship between poor sleep and mood-and anxiety-related disorders. (c) 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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