Journal
SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
Volume 219, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2022.114896
Keywords
AtomProbeTomography; AdditiveManufacturing; StainlessSteels; Precipitation
Categories
Funding
- AUSMURI program, Department of Industry, Innovation and Science, Australia
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The use of intrinsic heat treatments during additive manufacturing can eliminate the need for costly post-build processing. This study investigates the clustering and precipitation of copper in 17-4 PH stainless steel fabricated by laser powder bed fusion. The results show that the samples exhibit a higher degree of copper clustering and precipitation, and using a higher laser power leads to a higher density of copper clusters and precipitates. These findings demonstrate the potential for inducing desired strengthening phases directly during the fabrication process.
The use of intrinsic heat treatments to control the microstructural evolution during additive manufacturing could eliminate the need for costly post-build processing. Using atom probe microscopy and cluster search algorithms, this study investigates the degree of Cu clustering and precipitation in 17-4 precipitate hardening (PH) stainless steel fabricated by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). It was found that LPBF samples exhibit a greater than random degree of Cu clustering, irrespective of the laser power during fabrication. It is further shown that using a higher laser power (161.5 W rather than 127.5 W) led to a higher number density of Cu clusters, Cu precipitates, and higher hardness due to the greater heat input. The observations of Cu-rich clusters and precipitates within as-printed LPBF samples and its laser power dependence are novel and show potential for inducing desired strengthening phases directly during LPBF, mitigating the need for post-fabrication heat treatments.
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