Journal
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
Volume 14, Issue 658, Pages -Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abq4130
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Funding
- Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation [INV-018675]
- NIH [U19AI057266, U19 AI111825, U54 CA260517, P51OD011104]
- National Institutes of Health, Department of Health, and Human Services [75N93021C00016, 75N93019C00065]
- NIAID [DP1AI158186, HHSN272201700059C]
- Open Philanthropy
- Soffer endowment
- Pew Biomedical Scholars Award
- Burroughs Wellcome Fund
- fast grants
- Defense Threat Reduction Agency [HDTRA1-18-1-0001]
- [OPP1156262]
- Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation [INV-018675] Funding Source: Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
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This study demonstrates the durable protection provided by the AS03-adjuvanted RBD-I53-50 nanoparticle vaccine against the Omicron BA.1 variant, as well as high neutralizing antibody titers against both the Omicron and Beta variants. The vaccine also induces persistent neutralization against a panel of sarbecoviruses and elicits persistent memory T and B cell responses.
Despite the remarkable efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines, waning immunity and the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants such as Omicron represents a global health challenge. Here, we present data from a study in nonhuman primates demonstrating durable protection against the Omicron BA.1 variant induced by a subunit SARS-CoV-2 vaccine comprising the receptor binding domain of the ancestral strain (RBD-Wu) on the I53-50 nanoparticle adjuvanted with AS03, which was recently authorized for use in individuals 18 years or older. Vaccination induced neutralizing antibody ( nAb) titers that were maintained at high concentrations for at least 1 year after two doses, with a pseudovirus nAb geometric mean titer (GMT) of 1978 and a live virus nAb GMT of 1331 against the ancestral strain but not against the Omicron BA.1 variant. However, a booster dose at 6 to 12 months with RBD-Wu or RBD-. (RBD from the Beta variant) displayed on I53-50 elicited high neutralizing titers against the ancestral and Omicron variants. In addition, we observed persistent neutralization titers against a panel of sarbecoviruses, including SARS-CoV. Furthermore, there were substantial and persistent memory T and B cell responses reactive to Beta and Omicron variants. Vaccination resulted in protection against Omicron infection in the lung and suppression of viral burden in the nares at 6 weeks after the final booster immunization. Even at 6 months after vaccination, we observed protection in the lung and rapid control of virus in the nares. These results highlight the durable and cross-protective immunity elicited by the AS03-adjuvanted RBD-I53-50 nanoparticle vaccine.
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