Journal
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
Volume 848, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157777
Keywords
Erythromycin; Biodegradation; Toxicity; Degradation products; Toxicity assessment
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [32171628, 42177387]
- Postgraduate Research & Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province [KYCX21_0865]
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Microalgae-based biotechnology for antibiotic removal is a promising and environmentally friendly method. This study investigated the mechanism of erythromycin removal by Chlorella pyrenoidosa and its impact on microalgae's ecotoxic response. Biodegradation was found to be the main removal mechanism, while high concentrations of erythromycin inhibited microalgae growth and led to the production of more toxic degradation products.
Microalgae-based biotechnology for antibiotic removal has received increasing attention as an economical and green method. This study investigated the removal mechanism of erythromycin by Chlorella pyrenoidosa and its correlation with the ecotoxic responses of microalgae. The degradation products (DPs) were identified, and their toxicity was predicted. The results indicated that only 4.04 %, 6.28 % and 23.53 % of erythromycin were left after 21-day microalgae treatment in 0.1, 1.0 and 10 mg/L treatments, respectively. Biodegradation contributed 48.62-67.01 %, 16.67-52.32 % and 6.42-24.82 %, while abiotic degradation contributed 8.76-29.61 %, 5.19-41.39 %, and 16.55-51.22 % to erythromycin attenuation in 0.1, 1.0, and 10 mg/L treatments, respectively. The growth and physiological-biochemical parameters of microalgae were slightly affected in low concentration treatment, which may be the main reason that biodegradation was the prominent removal mechanism. By contrast, oxidative damage in high concentration treatment inhibited the cell growth and chlorophyll content of microalgae, which hindered erythromycin biodegradation. In addition, eleven erythromycin degradation products (DPs) were identified during microalgae treatment of 21 days. Seven DPs including DP717, DP715, DP701A, DP701B, DP657, DP643, and DP557, represented higher toxicity to aquatic organisms than erythromycin.
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