Journal
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS
Volume 23, Issue 1, Pages 633-641Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2022.2128870
Keywords
Martensitic phase transitions; time-resolved synchrotron diffraction; shape memory alloys; magnetocaloric refrigeration; thermomagnetic energy harvesting
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Funding
- German Research Foundation [GA 2558/5-1, FA 453/11]
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This study demonstrates that a thermoelastic martensite to austenite transformation can be completed within 10 ns, and the temperature has an influence on the transformation rate.
Structural martensitic transformations enable various applications, which range from high stroke actuation and sensing to energy efficient magnetocaloric refrigeration and thermomagnetic energy harvesting. All these emerging applications benefit from a fast transformation, but up to now their speed limit has not been explored. Here, we demonstrate that a thermoelastic martensite to austenite transformation can be completed within 10 ns. We heat epitaxial Ni-Mn-Ga films with a nanosecond laser pulse and use synchrotron diffraction to probe the influence of initial temperature and overheating on transformation rate and ratio. We demonstrate that an increase in thermal energy drives this transformation faster. Though the observed speed limit of 2.5 x 10(27) (Js)(1) per unit cell leaves plenty of room for further acceleration of applications, our analysis reveals that the practical limit will be the energy required for switching. Thus, martensitic transformations obey similar speed limits as in microelectronics, as expressed by the Margolus - Levitin theorem.
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