Journal
SCIENCE
Volume 377, Issue 6613, Pages 1444-1447Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.abq2299
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- National Science Foundation (NSF) [1852977]
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The eruption of the submarine volcano Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai injected a significant amount of water vapor into the stratosphere, potentially causing significant effects.
Large volcanic eruptions, although rare events, can influence the chemistry and the dynamics of the stratosphere for several years after the eruption. Here we show that the eruption of the submarine volcano Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai on 15 January 2022 injected at least 50 teragrams of water vapor directly into the stratosphere. This event raised the amount of water vapor in the developing stratospheric plume by several orders of magnitude and possibly increased the amount of global stratospheric water vapor by more than 5%. This extraordinary eruption may have initiated an atmospheric response different from that of previous well-studied large volcanic eruptions.
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