Journal
REDOX REPORT
Volume 27, Issue 1, Pages 193-199Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2022.2123864
Keywords
Vitiligo; oxidative stress; damage-associated molecular patterns; pathogenesis; High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1); Heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70); S100B; Adenosine triphosphate (ATP); Interleukin; Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs)
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Oxidative stress may play a key role in vitiligo pathogenesis, with DAMPs being crucial in inducing immune responses. Targeting DAMPs in treatment regimens can effectively improve disease severity.
Objectives: The pathogenesis of vitiligo remains unclear. In this review, we comprehensively describe the role of damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) during vitiligo pathogenesis. Methods: Published papers on vitiligo, oxidative stress and DAMPs were collected and reviewed via database searching on PubMed, MEDLINE and Embase, etc. Results: Oxidative stress may be an important inducer of vitiligo. At high oxidative stress levels, damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are released from keratinocytes or melanocytes in the skin and induce downstream immune responses during vitiligo. Treatment regimens targeting DAMPs can effectively improve disease severity. Discussion: DAMPs play key roles in initiating host defenses against danger signals, deteriorating the condition of vitiligo. DAMP levels in serum and skin may be used as biomarkers to indicate vitiligo activity and prognosis. Targeted therapies, incorporating HMGB1, Hsp70, and IL-15 could significantly improve disease etiology. Thus, novel strategies could be identified for vitiligo treatment by targeting DAMPs.
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