Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Volume 119, Issue 38, Pages -Publisher
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2118014119
Keywords
biosphere-atmosphere interactions; biogenic volatile organic compound fluxes; temperature response; VOC emission modeling; eddy covariance
Categories
Funding
- Swedish Research Council [2019-00205]
- European Research Council (TUVOLU Tundra Biogenic Volatile Emissions in the 21st Century under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program [771012]
- Independent Research Fund Denmark/Natural Sciences [DFF-4181-00141]
- Danish National Research Foundation [DNRF100]
- Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation [RYC2020-029216-I]
- State Research Agency (MCIN/AEI)
- European Social Fund ESF Investing in Your Future
- MCIN/AEI [CEX2018-000794-S]
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo [UiO/GEO103920]
- EMERALD Terrestrial ecosystem-climate interactions of our EMERALD planet project - Research Council of Norway [294948]
- Swedish Research Council [2019-00205] Funding Source: Swedish Research Council
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Emissions of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) play a crucial role in biosphere-atmosphere interactions. In northern latitudes, BVOCs have a recognized but poorly quantified role in amplifying climate change. Our study reveals that tundra vegetation could substantially increase its isoprene emissions in response to rising temperatures, at rates exceeding current Earth system model predictions.
Emissions of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) are a crucial component of biosphere-atmosphere interactions. In northern latitudes, climate change is amplified by feedback processes in which BVOCs have a recognized, yet poorly quantified role, mainly due to a lack of measurements and concomitant modeling gaps. Hence, current Earth system models mostly rely on temperature responses measured on vegetation from lower latitudes, rendering their predictions highly uncertain. Here, we show how tundra isoprene emissions respond vigorously to temperature increases, compared to model results. Our unique dataset of direct eddy covariance ecosystem-level isoprene measurements in two contrasting ecosystems exhibited Q(10) (the factor by which the emission rate increases with a 10 degrees C rise in temperature) temperature coefficients of up to 20.8, that is, 3.5 times the Q(10) of 5.9 derived from the equivalent model calculations. Crude estimates using the observed temperature responses indicate that tundra vegetation could enhance their isoprene emissions by up to 41% (87%)-that is, 46% (55%) more than estimated by models-with a 2 degrees C (4 degrees C) warming. Our results demonstrate that tundra vegetation possesses the potential to substantially boost its isoprene emissions in response to future rising temperatures, at rates that exceed the current Earth system model predictions.
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