Journal
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
Volume 50, Issue 18, Pages 10665-10679Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac797
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Funding
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [CH1245/3-1, CH1245/3-2, CH1245/5-1]
- Max Planck Gesellschaft
- Heisenberg Program of the DFG
- DFG Priority Programme [SPP 1935]
- DFG [CH1245/3-2]
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The study reveals a weak interaction between the RNA-binding protein TTP and the decapping enzyme DCP2, which affects the stability of transcripts containing AU-rich elements (AREs). The interaction involves disordered regions of both proteins and leads to the assembly of phase-separated droplets. These findings highlight the significance of weak interactions in cellular functionality.
The RNA-binding protein tristetraprolin (TTP) is a potent activator of mRNA decay, specifically for transcripts bearing AU-rich elements (AREs) in their 3 '-untranslated regions. TTP functions as a mediator for mRNA decay by interacting with the decay machinery and recruiting it to the target ARE-mRNA. In this study, we report a weak, but direct interaction between TTP and the human decapping enzyme DCP2, which impacts the stability of ARE transcripts. The TTP-DCP2 interaction is unusual as it involves intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) of both binding partners. We show that the IDR of DCP2 has a propensity for oligomerization and liquid-liquid phase separation in vitro. Binding of TTP to DCP2 leads to its partitioning into phase-separated droplets formed by DCP2, suggesting that molecular crowding might facilitate the weak interaction between the two proteins and enable assembly of a decapping-competent mRNA-protein complex on TTP-bound transcripts in cells. Our studies underline the role of weak interactions in the cellular interaction network and their contribution towards cellular functionality.
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